Learning Aim A

Question 1

what is the definition of growth?

Answer 1

an increase in some part of an individual that can be measured (e.g. height and weight).

Question 2

what is the definition of development?

Answer 2

the complex changes including increase in skills abilities and capabilities.

Question 3

what are the 4 principles of growth

Answer 3

• growth rates are constant
• different parts of the body grow at different rates
• boys grow faster than girls

Question 4

what is the age range of birth and infancy?

Answer 4

0-2 years old

Question 5

what is the age range of early childhood life stage?

Answer 5

3-8 years old

Question 6

what is the age range of the adolescence life stage?

Answer 6

9-18 years old

Question 7

what is the age range of the early adulthood life stage?

Answer 7

19-45 years old

Question 8

what is the age range of the middle adulthood life stage?

Answer 8

45-65 years old

Question 9

what is the age range of later adulthood?

Answer 9

65+ years old

Question 10

what gross motor skills can a newborn do?

Answer 10

primitive reflexes - involuntary motor responses originating in the brainstem present after birth in early childhood development that facilitate survival.

Question 11

what gross motor skills can a 1 month old do?

Answer 11

lift up their chin and have some control over their head.

Question 12

what fine motor skills can a 6 month old do?

Answer 12

• move objects from one hand to another.
• pick up dropped toys if they are in sight

Question 13

what gross motor skills can a 15 month old do?

Answer 13

walk without help/assistance

Question 14

what gross motor skills can a 2 year old do?

Answer 14

kick a ball

Question 15

what fine motor skills can a 2-3 year old do?

Answer 15

build a tower of bricks

Question 16

what gross motor skils can a 2-3 year old do?

Answer 16

• ride a tricycle
• stand on toes

Question 17

what are skills and abilities?

Answer 17

• gross and fine motor skills
• thinking and language skills
• social roles and expectations

Question 18

what are gross motor skills?

Answer 18

using the larger myscles in the body (e.g. legs and arms)

Question 19

what are fine motor skills?

Answer 19

precise use of muscles (e.g. hands and fingers)

Question 20

what is adolescence?

Answer 20

life stage where the body develops into being an adult, the stage where puberty occurs.

Question 21

what is puberty?

Answer 21

the change in growth and development triggered by hormones by the pituitary gland.

Question 22

what are hormones?

Answer 22

checmical signals in the blood.

Question 23

what are primary sexual characteristics?

Answer 23

sexual characteristics present at birth but develop during puberty (e.g. penis)

Question 24

what are secondary sexual charactertistics?

Answer 24

things that develop during puberty (e.g. pubic hair)

Question 25

what does oestrogen and progesterone do?

Answer 25

stimulates growth of: growth spurt, breasts, reproductive system, helps regulate the menstrual cycle

Question 26

what does testosterone do?

Answer 26

stimulates the growth of: growth spurt, penis and testes, pubic hair growth, development of muscle, lowering of muscle

Question 27

what age does puberty usually start in BOYS?

Answer 27

between 13-15 years old

Question 28

what age does puberty usually start in GIRLS?

Answer 28

11-13 years but can be earlier

Question 29

what are the female primary sexual characteristics?

Answer 29

• uterus enlargens and vagina lengthens
• ovaries begin to release eggs
• menstrual cycle begins