Learning about Learning Flashcards
What is Einstellung?
It is a mental rut caused by prior learning patterns, preventing one from finding the correct answer.
What is the Interleaving technique?
It is the gaining of mastery by practicing jumping back and forth between problems or situations that require different techniques or strategies.
Why would one want to use the Interleaving technique?
It is for understanding not only how to use something, but also, more importantly, when to use it.
What is the name of the idea that a chunk can be related in surprising ways to similar chunks, not only in that field but also in very different fields?
Transfer
What is a way of compressing information much more compactly?
A chunk
What is a neuromodulator?
Neuromodulators are chemicals that influence how a neuron responds to other neurons.
What type of neuron is important for focused learning?
Acetylcholine (ə-ˌse-tᵊl-ˈkō-ˌlēn)
Which neuromodulator is released when we receive an unexpected reward?
Dopamine
Lower levels of which neuromodulator is closely linked to risk-taking behavior?
Serotonin
What are the four parts of a habit?
- Cue
- Routine
- Reward
- Belief
Explain the use of Process vs. Product to help tackle procrastination.
Process focuses upon starting to accomplish something without worrying about the final product. Focusing upon process rather than product helps one to get started rather than doing nothing at all. Focusing upon the product itself is what can trigger pain and, therefore, procrastination.
What are the 4 categories of habit cues?
- location
- time
- how one feels
- reaction to something that just happened
How does belief work with regards to overcoming a procrastination habit?
Believing that one can successfully rewire a habit helps overcome the temptation to fall back into the old procrastination response.
Which of our memory systems have exceled over time?
- Visual (how things look)
- Spatial (where things are)
How can one take an abstract fact and commit it to memory more easily?
Create a corresponding mental image of the fact in order to commit the fact to our visual and spatial memory. This makes the abstract fact more easily recalled.
