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EPPP > Learning > Flashcards

Learning Flashcards

1
Q

Skinner is associated with?

A

Operant conditioning

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2
Q

Pavlov is associated with?

A

Classical Conditioning

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3
Q

Thorndike is associated with _____ Conditioning and __________?

A

Operant Conditioning

Law of Effect

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4
Q

Watson is associated with ______ Conditioning and __________?

A

Classical Conditioning

Stimulus Generalization

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5
Q

Classical Conditioning is based on _______

A

Pairing

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6
Q

Operant Conditioning is based on _______

A

Reinforcement

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7
Q

What is a US?
CS?
UR?
CR?

A

US is the Unconditioned Stimulus (universal trigger)
CS is the Conditioned Stimulus (paired trigger)
UR is the Unconditioned Response (universal response)
CR is the Conditioned Response (paired response)

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8
Q

What is Forward Conditioning?

A

A CS (Bell) is followed by a US (Meat Powder) which is followed by the UR (Salivate). The CS (Bell) then evokes the CR/UR (Salivate)

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9
Q

What is Backward Conditioning?

A

A US (Meat Powder) is paired with CS (Bell) and a CR never occurs.

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10
Q

What is Delay Conditioning?

A

A CS (Bell ringing) is presented and a US (Meat Powder) overlaps.

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11
Q

What is Trace Conditioning?

A

A CS is presented then ends. Then a US is presented and ends.

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12
Q

What is Second Order or Higher Order Conditioning?

A

A CS1 elicits a US. Then CS2 is paired with CS1 and comes to yield CR2.

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13
Q

What is Stimulus Generalization?

A 
A CS (White mice) elicits a CR (fear) and another similar stimulus (White bunnies) also elicits the same CR (fear). 
(White mice=fear ->White bunnies=fear)
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14
Q

What is Response Generalization?

A

Elicit a similar but not the same response to a specific stimuli (peck at a disc on the floor, also peck at discs on wall)

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15
Q

What is Classical Extinction?

A

Present the CS (tone) by itself repeatedly.

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16
Q

What is Operant Extinction?

A

Stop reinforcing the behavior.

17
Q

What is Habituation?

A

Repeated presentations of US (freeway) no longer causes UR (startle).

18
Q

What is Satiation?

A

Rewards become less reinforcing.

19
Q

What is Positive Reinforcement?

A

Give a REWARD (sticker) after the desired behavior (completed homework) is exhibited. Behavior is more likely to happen again.

20
Q

What is Positive Punishment?

A

PAIN action (yell) after an undesired behavior (nose picking) is exhibited. Behavior is less likely to happen in the future.

21
Q

What is Negative Reinforcement?

A

Give RELIEF (avoid being yelled at) after the desired behavior is exhibited (use tissue). Behavior is more likely to happen again.

22
Q

What is Negative Punishment?

A

LOSS (take away a coin) after an undesired behavior (nose picking) is exhibited. Behavior is less likely to happen again.

23
Q

Positive is ____

A

something ADDED

24
Q

Negative is _____

A

something REMOVED

25
Q

Reinforcement will ______

A

INCREASE behavior

26
Q

Punishment will _______

A

DECREASE behavior

27
Q

Orders of Reinforcement Strongest to Weakest are?

A 
Variable Ratio (slot machine)
Fixed Ratio (paid every 5 clients)
Variable Interval (random drug tests)
Fixed Interval (paycheck every month)
28
Q

Which type of reinforcement has a scalloped shape?

A

Fixed ( i fix scallops for dinner)

29
Q

What happens in Behavioral Contrast?

A

Behavior A and Behavior B are both reinforced. Behavior A is no longer reinforced, but B continues to be reinforced. Behavior A decreases/ceases and Behavior B increases.
ex)

30
Q

What is the Premack Principle?

A

Use a high frequency (video games) behavior to reinforce a low frequency (wash dishes) behavior.
ex) After washing dishes they get to play video games.

31
Q

______ created Reciprocal Determinism which is ______

A

Bandura

a person’s behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment.

EPPP (4 decks)

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