Learning Flashcards
Who suggested the Law of Effect?
E.L. Thorndike
Who developed the theory of association?
Kurt Lewin
Who uncovered the concept of classical conditioning while doing research on digestion?
Ivan Pavlov
Who is considered the father of behaviorism?
John B. Watson
Who was the first person to conduct experiments to prove the law of effect?
B.F. Skinner
E.L. Thorndike
suggested the law of effect
Kurt Lewin
developed the theory of association
Ivan Pavlov
uncovered the concept of classical conditioning
John B. Watson
considered to be the father of behaviorism
B.F. Skinner
the first person to conduct experiments to prove the law of effect
The _________ postulated a cause-and-effect chain of behavior revolving around reinforcement. Individuals do what rewards them and stop doing what doesn’t bring some reward
law of effect
law of effect
a cause-and-effect chain of behavior exists that revolves around reinforcement. People do what brings reward and stop doing what doesn’t bring some sort of reward
theory of association
a forerunner of behaviorism, the ____________ postulates that organisms associate certain behaviors with certain rewards and certain cues with certain situations
a forerunner of behaviorism, the ____________ postulates that organisms associate certain behaviors with certain rewards and certain cues with certain situations
theory of association
classical conditioning
an organism is taught to respond to a neutral stimulus by pairing the neutral stimulus with a not-so-neutral stimulus
an organism is taught to respond to a neutral stimulus by pairing the neutral stimulus with a not-so-neutral stimulus
classical conditioning
behaviorism
everything can be explained by stimulus-response chains. Only objective and observable elements are of importance to organisms and to psychology
school of psychology in which it is believed that everything can be explained by stimulus-response chains. Only objective and observable elements are of importance to organisms and to psychology
behaviorism
neutral stimulus (NS)
in classical conditioning, a stimulus that does not produce a specific response on its own. (The light in Pavlov’s dog experiment)
in classical conditioning, a stimulus that does not produce a specific response on its own. (The light in Pavlov’s dog experiment)
neutral stimulus (NS)
unconditioned stimulus (UCS)
in classical conditioning, the not-so-neutral stimulus, i.e, the stimulus to be paired with the neutral stimulus (the food in Pavlov’s experiment)
in classical conditioning, the not-so-neutral stimulus, i.e, the stimulus to be paired with the neutral stimulus (the food in Pavlov’s experiment)
unconditioned stimulus (UCS)
conditioned stimulus (CS)
the neutral stimulus once it has been paired with the unconditioned stimulus. It has no naturally occurring response but has developed one by being paired with the unconditioned stimulus. (the light after being paired with the food in Pavlov’s experiment)
the neutral stimulus once it has been paired with the unconditioned stimulus. It has no naturally occurring response but has developed one by being paired with the unconditioned stimulus. (the light after being paired with the food in Pavlov’s experiment)
conditioned stimulus (CS)
