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Psychology 1A HA > Learning > Flashcards

Learning Flashcards

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1
Q

What is learning in terms of animal learning research?

A

It is a long term change in behaviour brought about by experience

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2
Q

What are the four types of innate behavioural patterns?

A

Reflexes, tropisms, fixed action patterns and reaction chains

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3
Q

What are tropisms?

A

Tropisms are movement or change in orientation of an animal or a plant

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4
Q

What are fixed action patterns?

A

They are a sequence of behaviours that occur in rigid order

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5
Q

What are reaction chains?

A

Reaction chains are sequences of behaviours that occur in rigid order

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6
Q

What is non-associative learning?

A

Non-associative learning is learning where animals do not learn to associate one thing with another

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7
Q

What is habituation?

A

Habituation is the decrease in response strength over presentations of low to moderate intensity stimulus

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8
Q

What is dishabituation?

A

Dishabituation is when you habituate an animal to one stimulus. After it stops responding, present new stimulus. Then present old stimulus again. The response to the original stimulus will recover but not return to full strength

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9
Q

What is sensitization?

A

Sensitization is if a stimuli are moderate to high in intensity animals become sensitized

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10
Q

When does acquisition occur?

A

Acquisition occurs during initial CS-US pairing

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11
Q

What happens in acquisition?

A

There’s a nonmonotonic increase in CR strength that reaches an asymptote

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12
Q

What is an asymptote?

A

AN asymptote is the height at which a line levels off

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13
Q

What does a stronger US lead to in terms of the asymptote?

A

A stronger US leads to a higher asymptote in CR strength and the asymptote is reached quicker

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14
Q

What does a stronger CS relate to in terms if the asymptote?

A

A stronger CS is related to reaching the asymptote more quickly but not to the level of the asymptote

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15
Q

How does extinction occur?

A

Extinction is reducing the strength of the CR by repeatedly presenting the CS without the US

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16
Q

When does disinhibition occur?

A

Disinhibition occurs after a response to the CS is extinguished

17
Q

How does conditioned inhibition work?

A

Conditioned inhibition works when trying to develop a CS that reduces or stops the CR from happening

18
Q

What is generalization?

A

Generalization is where stimuli that resemble the CS elicit the CR

19
Q

What is discrimination?

A

Discrimination is where the animal learns the difference between similar stimuli

20
Q

What happens in discrimination?

A

One CS is paired with a US and another CS is not paired with the US

21
Q

What is temporality?

A

Temporality is the strength of the CR that you’ll get depends on the timing of the CS and US

22
Q

What happens to the CR in simultaneous condition?

A

Much weaker CR

23
Q

What happens to the CR in trace conditioning?

A

CR strength is inversely associated with the CS-US interval in which the shorter the time between CS and US the stronger the strength of CR

24
Q

What happens to the CR in short delay conditioning?

A

Strongest CR and fastest conditioning takes place

25
Q

What happens to the CR in long-delay conditioning?

A

CR strength inversley associated with duration of CS presentation

26
Q

What happens to the CR in backward conditioning?

A

CR strength much lower than for short delay

27
Q

What happens in long-delay conditioning?

A

In long-delay conditioning when you first present the CS for a long period of time, then you present the US along with it

28
Q

What is the contiguity principle?

A

The contiguity principle is when CS and US occur together and a CR is formed

29
Q

What is contingency?

A

Contingency is when the efficacy of a CS depends on the degree to which it predicts the occurrence of the US

30
Q

When does learning occur?

A

Learning happens when CS is associated with the US

31
Q

What does overshadowing occur?

A

Overshadowing is when you pair a compound stimulus with a US

Psychology 1A HA (5 decks)

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