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Microbiology 1 > Learn ‘em Antibiotics > Flashcards

Learn ‘em Antibiotics Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Defintion: Selective toxicity

A

the antibiotic has an effect only on the bacteria, but not on the human host

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2
Q

Chemotherapeutic index?

A

dosis tolerata maxima (DTM)/dosis curativa minima (DCM)

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3
Q

Cell wall synthesis inhibitor antibiotics?

A

Penicillin,
Cephalosporin,
Carbapenem,
Glycopeptide.

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4
Q

Glycopeptide antibiotics

A
  • Vancomycin

- Teicoplanin

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5
Q

Membrane function alternating antibiotics are:

A
  • Polymyxines

- Daptomycin

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6
Q

What are the protein synthesis inhibitor antibiotics? (3 example)

A
  • Aminoglycosides
  • Tetracycline
  • Macrolide
  • Chloramphenicol
  • Linezolid
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7
Q

Nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors are: (2 example)

A
  • Quinolones
  • Rifampicin
  • Nitroimidazole
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8
Q

Antibiotic resistance mechanism are:

A
  • Enzymatic degradation or modification of the antibiotics
  • Efflux pump,
  • Modifying of the antibiotic binding site
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9
Q

What does MRSA mean?

A

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

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10
Q

What does ESBL mean?

A

Extended spectrum of beta lactamase enzyme.

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11
Q

What does MIC mean?

A

Minimal bacteriostatic concentration of an antibiotic measured in ug/ml.

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12
Q

What does MBC mean?

A

Minimal bactericidal concentration of an antibiotic measured in ug/ml.

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13
Q

Definitions: MBL, MACI, PACI

A

a. MBL: metallo-beta-lactamase (=carbapenemase)
b. MACI: multi-resistant Acinetobacter
c. PACI: pan-resistant Acinetobacter

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14
Q

What kind of specimen can be sent to the microbiological diagnostic laboratory in the case of typical pneumonia?

A

Sputum and haemoculture

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15
Q

What kind of specimen can be sent to the microbiology diagnostic laboratory in the case of atypical pneumonia?

A

Blood, urine, broncho-alveolar lavage.

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16
Q

What kind of bacterial infection can be treated by antitoxin? (2 example)

A

Infections caused by bacterial exotoxins: tetanus, botulism, diphtheria

17
Q

Which bacteria can be differentiated with the catalase test?

A

Staphylococci (+) and Streptococci (-)

18
Q

Which bacteria can be differentiated with the coagulase test?

A

Staphylococcus aureus (+) and the other staphylococcus species (-, so called „coagulase-negative staphylococci”)

Microbiology 1 (2 decks)

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