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Animal breeding > Learn breed after topics > Flashcards

Learn breed after topics Flashcards

1
Q

H1. Evolution and domestication of the horse, micro-evolutionary consequences, related species, inter-species hybrids

A
  • Wild horses
  • Prewalski horse
  • Tarpan
  • Domestic horse
  • Mule – Male ass (jack) & mare. Usually sterile
  • Hinny/jennet – Female ass (jenny) & stallion. Less common. Also infertile.
  • Zebra mules (zorse, zonkey)
evolution:
•	Eohippus  - >
•	Mesohippus  . > 
•	Mio-, mery-, pliohippus ->
•	Equus
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2
Q
  1. Arabian origin horse breeds and other Arabian blooded descendants
A
  • Purebred Arabs
  • Shagya Arab
  • Barb
  • Anglo-Arab
  • Akhal-Teke
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3
Q
  1. The Spanish horses and Spanish blooded descendants
A 
Andalusian
Lusitano
Lippizaner
fresian
Knapstrup

American descendants of spanish horses:

  1. Mustang – wild, feral derivates
  2. Appaloosa
  3. Quarter horse
  4. American paint/Pinto
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4
Q
  1. English Thoroughbred, the trotters and Thoroughbred blooded sport horses
A 
Founders of the modern thoroughbred 
•	Godolpin Arabian (Barb)
•	Darley Arabian
•	Byerly Turk
•	Corwen Bay Barb

Hungarian horse breeds (Halfbred – Improved by TB)
• Gidran
• Noniusz

TB-type breeds/TB-influenced breeds 
•	Trakehner
o Arab x TB 
•	Holstein
•	Hanoverian 
o Influenced by TB, Trakhener & Holstein 
o Good competition horses 
•	Oldenburg
•	Selle Francais (French Saddle Horse) 
•	Dutch warmblood 
•	Anglo-Arab 
•	American Saddlebred 
Trotters & Pacers 
•	Russian trotter 
•	American standardbred 
•	French trotter 
•	Hungarian trotter 
•	Hackney
•	Morgan
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5
Q
  1. Cold blooded (heavy draught) horses, ponies and small horses
A
  • Shire
  • Clydesdale
  • Breton
  • Ardenner
  • Brabrant
Ponies: 
SHetlands pony
Welshpony 
Connemara
New forest
Icelandic horse 
Norwegian fjordhorse
Haflinger
Falabella
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6
Q
  1. Domestication of cattle, micro-evolutionary consequences, related species, inter-species hybrids
A

Aurochs

  • Taurine
  • Zebu
  • Bali
  • Gayal

Wild species:
Bison: from america and from europe

Feral cattle:
Aleutian wild cattle
Chillingham cattle
Enderby island cattle

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7
Q
  1. Dairy cattle breeds (classification, characteristics, types), breeds for production of consumption milk
A 
UK single purpose dairy breeds
Jersey
Guernsey
Ayrshire
Holstein fresian/ Holstein
Milking shorthorn
Brown swiss
Norwegian red
Telemark ku

dairy dual purpose breeds
Simmental
Vorderwalder
Hinterwalder

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8
Q

Norsk ku

A 
Norwegian red
Telemark ku
Dølafe
Lingdalfe
Rød trønder
Vestlands raudkolle
Østlandsk rødkolle
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9
Q
  1. Dairy cattle breeds (classification, characteristics, types), breeds for cheese industry milk production
A 
Montbeliarde
Normande
Simmental
Ayrshire
Holstein fresian
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10
Q
  1. Beef cattle breeds: characteristics, classification, maternal beef cattle types and breeds
A 
Hereford
Shorthorn
Angus
red angus
Galloway
hungarian grey
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11
Q
  1. Beef cattle breeds: characteristics, classification, paternal beef cattle types and breeds
A 
Charolais
Limousin
Blonde d' Aquitaine
Belgian blue
Texas longhorn
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12
Q
  1. Basics of feline breeding (goals, use, breeds, breeding methods)
A 
Shorthair cats:
•	Manx
•	British shorthair
•	Sphinx
•	Bengal
•	Siamese
•	Colourpoint-british shorthair
Longhaired cats:
•	Maine coon
•	Norwegian forest cat
•	Ragdoll
•	Birman
•	Persian

hybrids:

  • Bengal (wild cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) x Abyssinian)
  • Ocicat (Thai x Abyssinian)
  • Pixie-bob (Bobcat, lynx rufus x domestic cat)
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13
Q
  1. Milk type and prolific sheep breeds (prolificacy genes) (prolific= high fertility/offspring)
A 
High potential (200-500kg milk per period)
•	Friesland, British Milk sheep (East Friesian/Texel), Lacaune (France), Sarda (Italy)

Average/good potential (90-200kg)
• Churra (Spain), Comisana (Italy), Kymi (Greece), Lacha (Spain)

Low potential (50-90kg)
•	Awassi, Finnish & Swedish Landrace, norwegian

Norsk:

  • Østfrisk
  • Dalasau
  • Grå trønder.
  • Norsk kvit sau
  • Norsk spælsau/ norwegian short tail landrace
  • Norsk blæsett
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14
Q
  1. Meat (mutton) type sheep
A 
English long-wool mutton breeds
•	White faced, long & varied wool quality, big-bodied, polled, late maturite
o	Leicester (bluefaced), Lincoln, Romney

English short-wool mutton breeds
• Short legged, downy, medium qual wool, hornless, dark face & legs, breed out of season, prolific
o South down, Suffolk, Hampshire down, Oxford Down, Shropshire Down,

Other mutton breeds
• German Black faced mutton sheep & white faced landsheep
• French: Ile de France (Leicester + Rambouillet), Charollais
• Holland: Texel (4-shank)

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15
Q
  1. Fur producer sheep breeds, hairy sheep
A 
Breeds:  
•	Africana: black and white
•	Damara:
•	Masai:
•	Somali: 
•	Uda
•	Royal white
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16
Q
  1. Milk type goat breeds, goat milk
A
  • Saanen
  • Alpine:
  • Nubian:
  • Toggenburg:
  • Norwegian milk goat
17
Q
  1. Wool producing sheep breeds, structure and characteristics of wool, wool defects
A 
Mutton Merino (meat & wool dual purpose) -> Leicester  rosses, Merino Precoce, 
German meat merino, Merino landrace, South-African meat merino

Prolific Merino -> Booroola

  • Wool producing sheep breeds:
  • Merino sheep - Devon
  • kvit old Norwegian sheep and spel sheep (Old Norwegian Short tail landrace)
  • Grå trønder - Dalasau
18
Q
  1. Meat (chevon) and wool producer goat breeds
A 
Meat-producing goat breeds:
•	Boer goat 
•	Anglo-Nubian goat
•	Bengal black
•	Fainting goat
•	Kiko goat

wool:

19
Q

4 main breed groups pig:

A

4 main breed groups:

a. Large white
b. Landrace- belgian landrace
c. Colour(culture, and local variety)- Hampshire, pietrain, duroc, mangalitsa
d. Asian- meishan, vietnamese lop eared
e. (hybrids)

20
Q
  1. Classification swine breeds (origin, constitution, size, colour, role in crossing)
A

Asian wild boar
European wild boar

  • Lard type: Poland chinas, Cheshire, essex, mulefoots;
  • Bacon and meat types: landrace, Yorkshires, tamworth
  • Dual-purpose: Berkshire, Hampshire, large black, saddlebacks
21
Q
  1. The Yorkshire (the large white) breed group of swine
A 
Yorkshire = English Large White
Large White (GB) of old yorkshire breed
22
Q
  1. The Landrace breed group of pigs
A

Danish Landrace
Landraces (EU)
Eg. Norwegian landrace

23
Q

14 – The colour pig breeds

A 
Pietrain (Belgian)
Duroc (USA)
Tamworth (Sandy Back, Tam)
Hampshire (developed USA)
Berkshire (GB)
Poland China (USA)
24
Q

15 – Importance of Asian and other local swine breeds

A

Meishan
Vietnamese pot bellied

Unusual/endangered/local breeds 
Large Black (Cornwall, GB)
Wessex Saddleback/Wessex
Black Iberian/Iberico
Mangalitsa (Hungarian)
Kune kune 
Göttingen minipigs
25
Q
  1. The layer hen type (breeding goal, use, breeds, traits, breeding methods)
A
  1. Hybrids: Golden comet,
  2. Rhode island red: dual purpose
  3. Leghorn: italian

Other breeds: Plymouth rock: USA, dual purpose, brown eggs, easy to manage, resistant to cold 200 eggs a year
Norsk jærhøns:

26
Q
  1. The layer hen type (egg production & hybrids)
A
  • Lohman layer hybrid
  • Tetra L layer hybrid:
  • Tetra SL layer hybrid: Shaver, Harco, Hisex, Dekalb, Babcock
  • Rhode island red x Sussex => Black tail/gingernut ranger
  • Rhode island red x Rhode island white => Amber (star)
27
Q

6 – Broiler chicken (breeding goal, use, breeds, traits, breeding methods and hybrids)

A

Cornish cross: 6-8 weeks to reach ca.5 kg/12 pounds

Breeds: Brown Leghorn, Egyptian Fayoumi, Turken (Naked Neck), Buckeye

Broiler parents=White Cornis and White Plymouth=> Hybro, Peterson, Hubbard, Ross, Arbor Acress, Lohmann

28
Q

9 – Breeding turkey (breeding goal, use, breeds, traits, breeding methods and hybrids)

A 
Bronze turkey
White turkey (broad breasted)
White Beltsville (USA)
Empire white (GB)
Black turkey (EU)
Hybrid: BUT British united turkey
29
Q

10 – Breeding goose (breeding goal, use, breeds, traits, breeding methods and hybrids)

A 
Breeds & hybrids
•	Layers
Italian goose
Bohemian (Czech) goose
Rhenish goose
Swan neck goose
•	Meat
Emden
Grey Pomeranian
Pilgrim
•	Liver (fatty liver)
Toulouse
Grey goose (Landes)
African goose
•	Other breeds
Egyptian geese
Hungarian improved goose
•	Hybrids
Gourmand
30
Q
  1. Breeding ducks (breeding goal, use, species, breeds, traits, breeding methods and hybrids)
A

Layer breeds
o Runner ducks
o Khaki Campbell

Meat breeds
o Peking duck
o Aylesbury duck
o Rouen duck

Other
o	Pomeranian duck
o	Crested white ducks
o	Cayuga duck
o	Muscovy duck

Hybrids

  • Mallard x black ducks
  • Eurasian wigeons x American wigeons
  • Mallard x pintail
31
Q
  1. Breeding pigeon
A
  • Flying/sporting breeds: Tipplers
  • Fancy pigeons: english carrier pidgeon, duchess pidgeon, isdue
  • Meat pigeons & hybrids: king pidgeon, texan

Animal breeding (5 decks)

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