LEAP

Question 1

What is Access to Justice?

Answer 1

The right to get legal help and be treated fairly in the legal system.

Question 2

Define Actus Reus.

Answer 2

The “guilty act” – the physical action that makes up a crime.

Question 3

What are Administrative Appeals?

Answer 3

A process to challenge a government decision in a higher court or review board.

Question 4

What does the Adversary System refer to?

Answer 4

A legal system where two sides (prosecution and defence) argue their case before a judge or jury.

Question 5

What is the Age of Criminal Responsibility?

Answer 5

The minimum age at which a person can be charged with a crime.

Question 6

What is an Appeal?

Answer 6

Asking a higher court to change a lower court’s decision.

Question 7

What does Balance of Probabilities mean?

Answer 7

The level of proof in civil cases—one side just has to be more believable than the other.

Question 8

What is required for a proof ‘Beyond Reasonable Doubt’?

Answer 8

The high level of proof needed in criminal cases—there must be almost no doubt that the accused is guilty.

Question 9

What is the Burden of Proof?

Answer 9

The responsibility of proving a case; in criminal cases, it’s on the prosecution.

Question 10

What is a Case?

Answer 10

A legal dispute brought to court.

Question 11

Define Civil Law.

Answer 11

Law dealing with disputes between people or businesses, not crimes.

Question 12

What is Compensation?

Answer 12

Money paid to someone who suffered harm.

Question 13

What does Conviction mean?

Answer 13

A court decision that someone is guilty of a crime.

Question 14

What is Court Hierarchy?

Answer 14

The ranking of courts, where higher courts can overrule lower courts.

Question 15

What does Criminal Law encompass?

Answer 15

Law that deals with crimes and punishments.

Question 16

What is a Defence in legal terms?

Answer 16

The argument and evidence used to prove someone is not guilty.

Question 17

Who is a Defence Lawyer?

Answer 17

A lawyer who represents an accused person in court.

Question 18

What is a Defendant?

Answer 18

The person accused of a crime (criminal case) or being sued (civil case).

Question 19

Define Duty of Care.

Answer 19

A legal responsibility to avoid harming others.

Question 20

What does Guilty indicate?

Answer 20

A court’s decision that a person committed a crime.

Question 21

What does Liable mean?

Answer 21

Being legally responsible for something, usually in civil cases.

Question 22

What is the Doctrine of Precedent?

Answer 22

The rule that lower courts must follow decisions made by higher courts in similar cases.

Question 23

What are Federal Courts?

Answer 23

Courts that handle national laws and issues.

Question 24

What is the High Court of Australia?

Answer 24

The highest court in Australia, which makes important legal decisions.

Question 25

Define Impartiality.

Answer 25

Making decisions fairly, without bias.

Question 26

What is a Jury?

Answer 26

A group of people who decide if someone is guilty or not in a trial.

Question 27

What is Jury Duty?

Answer 27

The responsibility of citizens to serve on a jury when called.

Question 28

What does Jurisdiction refer to?

Answer 28

A court’s authority to hear a case, based on location or type of case.

Question 29

What is Law?

Answer 29

Rules made by the government to keep order in society.

Question 30

What does Law Reform involve?

Answer 30

Changing or updating laws to make them fairer.

Question 31

What is the Magistrates’ Court?

Answer 31

A lower court that handles minor crimes and small disputes.

Question 32

Define Mens Rea.

Answer 32

The “guilty mind” – a person’s intent or awareness when committing a crime.

Question 33

What does Negligence mean?

Answer 33

Carelessness that causes harm to someone.

Question 34

What is Native Title?

Answer 34

The legal recognition of Indigenous people’s rights to their land.

Question 35

Who is a Plaintiff?

Answer 35

The person who starts a lawsuit in a civil case.

Question 36

Define Precedent.

Answer 36

A past court decision that helps decide future cases.

Question 37

What is the role of Prosecution?

Answer 37

The side in a criminal case that argues the accused is guilty.

Question 38

Who is a Prosecutor?

Answer 38

The lawyer who represents the government in a criminal trial.

Question 39

What does it mean to Prosecute?

Answer 39

To officially charge someone with a crime and take them to court.

Question 40

What is a Remedy?

Answer 40

A way a court fixes a legal problem, like ordering compensation.

Question 41

What is the Rule of Law?

Answer 41

The idea that everyone must follow the law, even the government.

Question 42

What is a Sanction?

Answer 42

A punishment for breaking the law.

Question 43

What does Punishment entail?

Answer 43

A penalty for committing a crime, like a fine or jail time.

Question 44

What is Specialisation in the context of courts?

Answer 44

When courts focus on specific types of cases.

Question 45

What is the Standard of Proof?

Answer 45

The level of evidence needed to prove a case (higher in criminal cases than civil ones).

Question 46

What are State Courts?

Answer 46

Courts that deal with state laws and local cases.

Question 47

Define Stare Decisis.

Answer 47

The rule that courts should follow previous legal decisions.

Question 48

What is a Supreme Court?

Answer 48

The highest court in a state, dealing with serious cases.

Question 49

What does it mean to Sue?

Answer 49

To take someone to court in a civil case.

Question 50

What is a Trial?

Answer 50

A court process where evidence is presented, and a decision is made.

Question 51

Define Tort.

Answer 51

A civil wrong that causes harm, like negligence.

Question 52

What is a Tribunal?

Answer 52

A legal body that resolves specific disputes, often less formally than a court.

Question 53

What is a Verdict?

Answer 53

The final decision in a court case (e.g., guilty or not guilty).

Question 54

What does Youth Justice refer to?

Answer 54

The legal system that deals with young people who commit crimes.