League of Nations

Question 1

4 main aims of LON:

Answer 1

disarmament
preventing future war
improve living and working conditions
international cooperation

Question 2

The assembly:

strengths and weaknesses

Answer 2

strengths: democratic

weaknesses. only met once a year, decisions had to be unanimous.

Question 3

summary assembly:

Answer 3

It was the league's parliament to which each country sent representative and would vote on:
new member in league
tempoary members to council
budget of league
other ideas put forward by council

Question 4

The council:

strengths and weaknesses

Answer 4

strengths: democratic, avoided conflict through discussion
weaknesses: met 5 times a year

Question 5

summary council:

Answer 5

small group shich included
-permanent members: france, britain, italy and japan;
-temporary mambers elected by asembly for 3 years
it function was to avoid conflict through discussion.
to stop agrssive countries it used: moral condemnation, economis sanctions, military force.

Question 6

The international labour organisation:

strengths and weaknesses

Answer 6

strengths: aim was to improve conditions
weaknesses: only met once a year.

Question 7

summary ILO:

Answer 7

brought together employers, governments and workers representative once a year to improve conditions of working people throuhout the world.

Question 8

The secretariat:

strength and weaknesses

Answer 8

weaknesses: too much work for few people, overambitious.

Question 9

summary secretariat:

Answer 9

was civil service which kept records of meetings and prepared reports for agencies of LON.

Question 10

The permanent court of international justice:

strength and weaknesses

Answer 10

strength: settling international disputes
weaknesses: overambitious

Question 11

summary PCIJ:

Answer 11

was supposed to play key role in league’s peaceful settlement of international disputes. judges provided by member countries heard cases grought to the by members.

Question 12

The mandates commission:

strength and weaknesses

Answer 12

strength: strengt ( es un si un strength)
weaknesses: can be seen as weakness after what happens next.

Question 13

summary mandates commmission:

Answer 13

ensured that britain and france administered german olonies in interests of inhabitants, not their own.

Question 14

slavery commission:
strength and weaknesses
summary

Answer 14

strength: strength
weakness: overambitious
worked to abolish slavery through out the world

Question 15

The health commitee:
strength and weaknesses
summary

Answer 15

strength: strength
weakness: overambitious
attempted deal with dangerous diseasesand educate people about health and sanitation

Question 16

The refugee commitee:
strength and weaknesses
summary

Answer 16

strength: strength
weakness: overambitious
helped return refugees to original home, after en WW1

Question 17

strengths of LON:

4

Answer 17

• it was democtatic
• it was popular: people were hopeful
• trying to improve living and working conditions
• council met at times of crisis therefore could respod quickly

Question 18

weaknesses structure LON:

8

Answer 18

-aims overambitious
-no army to enforce decisions
-assembly met ince a year
-decisions had to be unanimous.
-PCIJ had no way to make sure countrie sfollowed rulings
- secretariat too small to handle workload
-france and britain usually guided policy had own agendas
trade sanction damaged countries of LON as well as agressor country.

Question 19

weaknesses membership LON:

2

Answer 19

-Germany, Russia and USA not members= not league of all nations ( and USA would add more weight to trade sanctions)
-Britain and France usually guided policy, had no resources to replace USA.
(britain had priorities: protect empire and increase trade)
(france as LON didnt have army: cocerned about germany)

Question 20

League disputes

Answer 20

in 1920’s

Question 21

summary Vilna 1920

Answer 21

dispute between poland and lithuania. P took control vilns. L wnet LON who protested to P but nothing happened. Britein and france were not prepared to act.

Question 22

summary Upper Silesia 1921

Answer 22

LON wit peaceful plebescite divided region between germany and poland which both accapted.

Question 23

summary Aaland Islands 1921

Answer 23

finland and sweeden dispute. both threatened war over the iskands but S accpeted LON rulingof island belonging to F.

Question 24

summary Corfu 1923

Answer 24

In border between albania and greece italian general and team were killed so Mussolini blamed greece and bombarded islan corfu. greece appealed to leagu for help which the council who was ready for that situation acted swiftly. it condemned italy Mussolini’s actions and made maybe greece pay compensation. But Mussoliny still took matter to conference of embassador which changed ruling to greece appologising and paying compensations. at firts as mussolini wasnt allowed to go to conference of ambassadors it threatened to leave the league. and brotein and france didnt do anything because they werent ready.
(Esto no es necesario que lo tengais exacto es que sepais d q va)

Question 25

summary Bulgaria 1925

Answer 25

Greek troops invaded bulgaria after some soldiers were killed. Bulgaria appealed to LON who acted quickly demanding forces to stand down and greece ti withdraw. observers were sent to asses the situation and agreed with bulgaria. so they made greece pay compensation of 45000 pounds and threatened with sanctions if not.

Question 26

why america refused to join LON?

4

Answer 26

-some american had german ancestors and were against TofV
-they were scared the would be ruled by britain of france and would be called to defend their empires. some of them were anti empires
they were worried that trade sanctions would affect them most
they didnt want to send US soldiers to little wars, they didnt want to experience another war after casualities of ww1

Question 27

LoN with refugees

Answer 27

400000 rturned home
quickly stamped disease in camps
Weaknes: refugee sommitee short of funds

Question 28

LON with working conditions

Answer 28

banned poisonous lead from pans
limited children work
campaigned for improved working conditions
weakness: majority members refused - cost too much
ILO lack of funds

Question 29

LON health

Answer 29

collected stadistical info
spread practice
developed vaccenes against deadly diseases like malaria or lepracy

Question 30

LON slavery and forced labour

Answer 30

freed 200000 slaves in sierra leone
organised raids against slave owners and traders in burma
built railway in africa to reduce death rate of workers

Question 31

LON internationalism

Answer 31

way to sort international disputes
effective on handling change in diplomacy
helped develop internationalist mindset
weakness: could not deal wth bid¡g issues

Question 32

LON economic recovery

Answer 32

1928 economy europe was recovering
dawes plan 1924v sorted german economy and helped britain and france
trade reduced political tension and risk of war

Question 33

LON disarmament

Answer 33

USA, japan, britain and france agreed limit navies in washingthon conference 1921
late 1920s didnt seem big issue as promised peace
weaknesses: 1920 leagu failed in disaramament
failure disarmament damaged germany as it was forced and wasnt ready

Question 34

LON other actions

Answer 34

In ares social injustice not removed LON kept record of preblems eg. drug trading, prostitution, slavery.
blacklisted german, dutch, french and swish in drug trading.
recommended on problems markings shipping lanes or produce code for road users.

Question 35

international agreements 1920s

Answer 35

represented hopes of countries

Question 36

washington conference 1921

Answer 36

decided USA, britain, france and japan agree limit size of navies.

Question 37

treaty of rapallo 1922

Answer 37

decided ussr and germany reestablish diplamatic relations.

Question 38

dawes plan 1924

Answer 38

decided to stop economis crisis in germany and usa lent money to pay reparation bill

Question 39

locarno treaty 1925

Answer 39

germany accept western borders asset out of TofV so allwed join league of nations.

Question 40

kellog-briand pact 1928

Answer 40

decide 65 nations agreed not to use force to settle disputes

Question 41

young plan 1928

Answer 41

decided germany’s reparation payments would be reduced

Question 42

effect grements has on LON

Answer 42

were decided outside lon so undetermine authorityand effectiveness. but it stillachive some of lon’s aims.

Question 43

impact of economis depression

Answer 43

1929 wall street crash USA

turned 1920 intenational outlook to 1930s nationalist perspective

Question 44

economic consequences

10

Answer 44

• US loans dried up
• business in countries bankrupt
• unemployment
• tariffs on imprts, trade got worse
• countries started to rearm to get industries working and employment
• USA and britain focus on own ecenomy
• japan exports to USA not happening- impact economy
• germany unemployment, poverty, chaos
• economic problems in italy- empire
• empire sneed raw materials

Question 45

political consequences

7

Answer 45

-japan invade manchuria (1931)- empire
-germany elected Hitler
-internationalist spirit replaced by nationalist
-Mussolini bilt empire overseas
-rearmament cause alrm and tension- contrast lon aims
-isolationism USA
britain didnt send troop to Manchuria