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(Personal) Conflict and tension flashcards > League of Nations > Flashcards

League of Nations Flashcards

1
Q

How many countries joined at first

A

42

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2
Q

By 1930’s, how many countries were in the League?

A

60

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3
Q

Complete the sentence:

All the members of the League followed a …

A

covenant (agreement) of 26 articles

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4
Q

Permanent members of League of Nations

A

Britain, France, Italy and Japan

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5
Q

What is arbitration?

A

Helping countries talk through their problems rather than fighting

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6
Q

What was the purpose of the covenant?

A

To set out the moral guidelines for keeping peace that all the members were supposed to follow. If it was not enough PCIJ could stand in

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7
Q

What was collective security?

A

If one country attacked another, all the League members would work together to try and control the aggressor

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8
Q

Why didn’t the League have an army

A

They felt collective security would be enough - the armies of member nations would be used against aggressors

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9
Q

Why was Wilson blocked by the senate of his government from joining the League?

A

The senate disagreed with the Treaty of Versailles and refused to sign it. They saw the League of Nations as part of the Treaty.

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10
Q

When did Germany join League of Nations

A

1926

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11
Q

Why did the German people not want to join the League? (2)

A

Wanted to live in a democracy - didn’t want to be forced into wars to help countries like Britain and France keep undemocratic colonies
Policy of isolationism - only worrying about American affairs

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12
Q

What other country apart from Germany was unable to join?

A

USSR - communist government worried the other leaders

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13
Q

3 of the most powerful countries did not join the League (USA, Germany, USSR). How did this affect the League? (2)

A

undermined League’s authority and strength

had to only rely on army of B + F which had been weakened after WW1

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14
Q

How many prisoners of war were sent back home by the Special Commisions?

A

500,000

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15
Q

Name three diseases the Special Commissions reduced the spread of?

A

Leprosy, malaria, plague

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16
Q

How many slaves in Burma and Sierra Leone did the slavery commissions free?

A

200,000

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17
Q

What happened in the Washington Conference, when was it and what did this show?

A

1921: USA, Britain and France reduced size of navies - countries were keen to disarm

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18
Q

What was the Young Plan and when was it?

A

1929 Reduced German Reparations by 75% and gives it 59 years to pay

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19
Q

When was the Geneva Protocol and what was it?

A

1924, tries to make countries to use the League to sort out disputes

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20
Q

What was the Dawes Plan and when was it?

A

1924, USA plan to lend Germany money and spread out repayments

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21
Q

How many judges in Permanent Court of International Justice?

A

15 chosen from League countries

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22
Q

How many laws in the Covenant?

A

26

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23
Q

How many non-permanent members in the Council and how long is each on for?

A

4 on-permanent members for 3 year period

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24
Q

What were the 4 permanent members in the council?

A

Britain, France, Italy, Japan (and later Germany)

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25
Q

3 ways League could take action?

A

Moral sanctions, economic sanctions and military force (armies of other member’s)

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26
Q

2 examples of special commissions?

A

International labour organisation

Permanent Central Opium Board

27
Q

How many companies did the Permanent Central Opium Board blacklist?

A

4

28
Q

How many countries were involved in the Kellog-Briand Pact and where?

A

65 in Paris

29
Q

How many countries agreed to set a minimum wage in the International Labour Organisation?

A

77

30
Q

When did Japan leave the League?

A

1933 ( after Abyssinia crisis)

31
Q

When did Italy leave the League?

A

1937

32
Q

When did Germany leave the League?

A

1933

33
Q

Year of Mukden incident?

A

1931

34
Q

Countries involved in Hoare-Laval Pact?

A

Britain, France and Italy

35
Q

When was Rome-Berline Axis?

A

1936

36
Q

Who was involved in the Rome-Berlin axis?

A

Mussolini and Hitler

37
Q

When was Anti-Comintern Pact?

A

1937

38
Q

What was Anti-Comintern Pact?

A

Anti-nazi agreement

39
Q

Who was involved in Anti-Comintern Pact?

A

First between Germany and Japan, but Italy then joined

40
Q

Why did the USA not being a member of the League impact the effectiveness of the League’s response to Manchuria?

A

Limited power of economic sanctions as Japan’s main trading partner was the USA, who wasn’t a member

41
Q

When were the Locarno Treaties?

A

1925

42
Q

By what % did Germany win the area of Upper Silesia?

A

60%

43
Q

What year did Japan lauch a full-scale invasion of china?

A

1937

44
Q

How many people were killed in Corfu when Mussolini invaded?

A

15 people

45
Q

How many people were killed at the Wal Wal Clash?

A

150

46
Q

Who proposed the Locarno Treaties?

A

Gustav Stresseman, German foreign minister at the time

47
Q

2 things confirmed in Locarno Treaties?

A

1) Germany’s Western borders set at Versailles will be permanent
2) Join League in 1926

48
Q

What was agreed in Kellog-Briand Pact?

A

Countries would not use aggression to settle disputes

49
Q

2 weaknesses of Kellog-Briand Pact

A

1) didn’t define aggression - countries could claim they weren’t guilty of it
2) agreement made separate to League - showed people did not view it as effective

50
Q

Strength of Kellog-Briand Pact and Locarno treaty

A

League’s spirit had been strengthened by it - especially Kellog-Briand which was a significant step towards peace

51
Q

What is a disadvantage to the Dawes Plan of 1924 and the Young Plan of 1929?

A

Benefits were wiped out during Great Depression (in Dawes Plan USA was lending Germany money)

52
Q

Why did Stresseman voluntarily sign the Locarno Treaties?

A

He wanted Europe to trust Germany again. BY playing an active role, it showed Germany wanted to create a lasting peace

53
Q

By 1930, how many banks collapsed as people rushed to withdraw their savings?

A

2000 banks

54
Q

How many people in the USA were unemployed by 1933?

A

over 12 million

55
Q

Why did the Depression become a global problem?

A

so many economies were linked to USA’s economy’s from borrowed money (e.g. Germany in Dawes plan)

56
Q

By 1932, how many people were unemployed in Germany?

A

6 million

57
Q

In what year was Hitler elected and why?

A
  1. He promised to bring Germany out of poverty, but he was an extreme right-wing leader who wanted to defy the League and would not co-operate with their aims
58
Q

Why did the League lose support from its own members during the Depression?

A

Britain and France less willing to help - needed to resolve domestic problems like unemployment

59
Q

By what year had Mussolini conquered all of Abyssinia?

A

May 1936

60
Q

How did the Manchurian Crisis influence crisis of Abyssinia?

A

Mussolini had seen Japan get away with the Manchurian invasion - gave him more confidence to invade Abyssinia

61
Q

what was the name of the secret agreement with which Britain and France agreed to let Mussolini have parts of Abyssinia?

A

Hoare-Laval Pact - undermined its core principle of working together

62
Q

In what year did Germany leave the League?

A

1933

63
Q

The League was founded on internationalism. What is this policy?

A

The policy that countries should take collective action based on common interests.

64
Q

How did the Depression affect the policy of internationalism?

A

made them more isolated - had to work on their own problems

(Personal) Conflict and tension flashcards (2 decks)

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