Leadership of the Crusades Flashcards
Who were the main leaders of the First Crusades, (princes)
If you can’t remember all 8 you need to know at least the four with * next to them.
Count Stephen of Blois* Count Raymond of Toulouse Bishop Adhemar le Puy* Prince Bohemond of Taranto* Duke Godfrey of Bouillon* Count Robert II of Flanders Duke Robert of Normandy Count Hugh of Vermandois
Which leaders of the First Crusade went for genuine religious reasons?
Bishop Adhemar
Duke Godfrey of Bouillon
Stephen of Blois (religious wife sent him)
Count Raymond of Toulouse
Which leaders of the First Crusade went for political reasons?
Count Hugh of Vermandois
Duke Robert if Normandy
Which leaders of the First Crusade went with the desire for money and land?
Prince Bohemond of Taranto
Count Robert II of Flanders
Which leaders played the largest role in the success of the First Crusade?
Bohemond
Godfrey
Raymond
(Adhemar if you count his ghost!)
This man is not one of the main 8 princes of the First Crusade but breaks off to rule Edessa during the First Crusade, who?
Baldwin
How much of a reason was leadership a factor in the success of the First Crusade?
A good deal certainly, but the other factors played a role too;
- good luck a lot of the time!
- genuine religious zeal and beliefs eg the miracles.
- Muslim disunity!
Who led the Second Crusade, (before and whilst they’re in Outremer…)
Louis VII
Conrad III
Raymond of Antioch
Templar knights help Raymond in Anatolia!
What factors led to the failure of the Second Crusade? Was it leadership issues?
Lack of clear aims from the start
Logistical difficulties
One leader friendly with Byzantine Emperor the other hated by him.
Muslims more united than before.
Leaders don’t listen to advice from people actually in the Crusader States!
I would say poor leadership was a crucial factor in the Second Crusade’s failure, but one cannot ignore the other issues, Muslim unity in particular.
Also consider do you blame one leader more than another?
Who led the Third Crusade?
Richard I England,
Phillip II France,
Frederick I Barbarossa Germany.
Was leadership to blame for the failure of the Third Crusade?
There was definite rivalry amongst the leaders and the need to defend and still rule their own countries whilst absent.
Richard got distracted in Sicily.
Frederick couldn’t control his men, damaging relations with the Byzantines.
Frederick drowned!
Richard had promised to marry Phillip’s sister but backed out, a source of tension.
Frederick left before the other two leaders!
Even after victories, Richard and Phillip couldn’t agree on a plan, e.g. after Acre was won, they fell out about who should be the next leader of Jerusalem!
Phillip abandoned Richard during the Crusade and went home.
Leadership definitely played a role in this failure, other factors include;
- very strong Muslim unity
- Saladin’s excellent leadership
- Richard’s pragmatism in deciding to truce not keep fighting.
- conditions in which they were fighting
- Rivalry between Phillip and Richard.
- bad luck!
Key places during the First Crusade…
Constantinople Nicaea Dorylaeum Antioch Jerusalem
Key places during the Second Crusade…
Constantinople Nicaea Dorylaeum Nicaea AGAIN Ephesus Mount Cadmus Adalia Antioch Damascus
Key places during the Third Crusade…
Vezelay Sicily Constantinople Anatolia Acre Jaffa Arsuf Jerusalem
