leadership Flashcards
midterms
what are personal characteristics associated with leadership?
leader emergence & leader performance
what is leader emergence?
people who become leaders possess traits or characteristics different from people who do not become leaders
the motivation to lead as a result of a desire to be in charge and lead others
affective identity motivation
those who seek leadership positions because they will result in personal gain
noncalculative motivation
the desire to lead out of a sense of duty or responsibility
social normative motivation
what is leader performance?
leaders who perform well possess certain characteristics that poorly performing leaders do not
what are the three areas that personal characteristics and leadership performance has concentrated on?
traits, needs, orientation
what are traits positively related to leader performance?
extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness
what are traits negatively related to leader performance?
neuroticism
tendency to adapt one’s behavior to fit a particular social situation
self-monitoring
3 needs by McClelland
need for power - to be in control of other people
need for achievement - to be successful
need for affiliation - to be around other people
what is the leadership motive pattern?
high need for power and low need for affiliation, not for personal power but for organizational power
how to measure needs?
TAT - projective personality test in which test takers are asked to tell a story about shown pictures
JCE - objective tests in which a person reads descriptions of job that involve varying degrees of power, achievement, affiliation needs and rates how desirable he finds each job
2 orientation of leader performance
task & person orientation
a measure of leadership that classifies a leader into one of five leadership styles
managerial grid
what are person oriented leaders?
act in a warm and supportive manner and show concern for their subordinates, becomes socially withdrawn when under pressure
a style of leadership in which the leader is concerned about the well-being of employees but is not task oriented
country club leaders
leaders who believe that employees are intrinsically motivated and thus lead with a “hands-off” or participative approach
theory y leaders
what are task oriented leaders?
define and structure their own roles and those of their subordinates to attain the group’s formal goals, they become anxious, defensive, dominant when under pressure
leaders who believe that employees are extrinsically motivated and thus lead by giving directives and setting goals
theory x leaders
the extent to which leaders define and structure their roles and roles of subordinates
initiating structure
a leadership style in which the leader is concerned with productivity and employee well-being
team leadership
style of leadership in which leader is concerned with neither productivity nor the well-being of employees
impoverished leadership
a leadership style reflecting a balanced orientation between people and tasks
middle-of-the-road leadership
