LE1 Flashcards
It is the scientific study of the relations that living organisms have with respect to each other and their natural/physical environment
Ecology
It refers to the specific
kind of place where an organism normally
lives
Habitat
It refers to the “occupation” of an
organism in an ecosystem in order to
survive
Niche
It consists of all the organisms
living in a particular area, as well as all the nonliving,
physical components of the environment
with which the organisms interact such as air, soil,
water and sunlight (climate)
Ecosystem
It is a large geographical area
characterized by certain types of plants and
animals
Biome
It is defined by the complex
interactions of plants and animals with the
climate, geology (rock formations), soil types,
water resources, and latitude of an area.
Biome
What are the 3 major classifications of ecosystem?
Marine Ecosystem
Terrestrial Ecosystem
Freshwater Ecosystem
It is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms’ activities.
Photosynthesis
Give the 3 main groups in the Energy Flow in Ecosystems
- ) Plants: Producers of high energy molecules
- ) Animals: Consusmers of high energy molecules
- ) Other organisms: Decomposer
This kind of bacteria requires molecular oxygen in their metabolic activity to produce nutrients
Aerobic bacteria
This kind of bacteria does not require oxygen
Anaerobic bacteria
This kind of bacteria uses oxygen when available but uses anaerobic reaction otherwise
Facultative bacteria
What is the sequence of the food chain?
From sunlight to producers to primary consumers to secondary consumers to decomposers
It is a more ecologically correct way of depicting energy transfer in the ecosystem
It also shows the importance of
balance and biodiversity
Food web
As materials are cycled over and over, toxins
build up. Concentrations of toxins increase
along food chains, since a predator eats many
prey with the toxin.
What do you call this kind of process?
Biomagnification
It often refers to the process whereby certain substances such as pesticides or heavy metals move up the food chain, work their way into rivers or lakes, and are eaten by aquatic organisms such as fish, which in turn are eaten by large birds, animals or humans. The substances become concentrated in tissues or internal organs as they move up the chain.
Biomagnification
It is the totality of genes,
species, and ecosystems in a region
Biodiversity
What are the 3 divisions/levels of biodiversity?
Genetic, Species, Ecosystems
This diversity refers to the variation of genes
within species. This covers distinct populations of
the same species (such as the thousands of
traditional rice varieties in India)
Genetic diversity
This diversity refers to the variety of species within a region.
Such diversity can be measured in many
ways, and scientists have not settled on a
single best method.
Species diversity
What are the 6 relationships between species?
Parasitism, Commensalism, Mutualism, Predation, Competition, Saprophytism
It is a class of relationships between two organisms where one organism benefits from the other without affecting it.
Commensalism
It is the way two organisms of different species exist in a relationship in which each individual benefits from the activity of the other. Similar interactions within a species are known as co-operation.
Mutualism
It is a non-mutual symbiotic relationship between species, where one species benefits at the expense of the other.
Parasitism
It is a biological interaction where a predator (an organism that is hunting) feeds on its prey (the organism that is attacked).
Predation
It is an interaction between organisms or species, in which the fitness of one is lowered by the presence of another.
Competition
It isthe ability of certain plants to live in dead or decaying organic matter
Saprophytism
It is the association between organisms of two different species in which one is inhibited or destroyed and the other is unaffected.
Amensalism
is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change (in its composition and use).
Pollution
Give 6 kinds of pollutions
Air, Water, Land, Noise, Thermal, Radiation
unnatural presence of particles, substances such as poison or hazardous material
contaminants
(chiefly of environmental pollution and pollutants) originating in human activity.
Anthropogenic
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