LE Orthotics

Question 1

primary indication for UCBL orthosis

Answer 1

control rear foot

Question 2

secondary indication for UCBL orthosis

Answer 2

block forefoot abduction/adduction

Question 3

what issues is the UCBL orthosis used for?

Answer 3

flexible pes planus/valgus foot
heel pain
plantar fasciitis

Question 4

contraindications for UCBL orthosis

Answer 4

moderate to high tone
toe walking
athletic activities

Question 5

which orthosis has the lowest level of rigid control?

Answer 5

UCBL orthosis

Question 6

do the trimlines cross the ankle for a UCBL orthosis?

Answer 6

no

Question 7

primary indication for supramalleolar orthosis (SMO)

Answer 7

controls rear foot and mid foot

Question 8

secondary indication for supramalleolar orthosis (SMO)

Answer 8

mild control of ankle inversion/eversion

Question 9

what issues is the supramalleolar orthosis (SMO) used for?

Answer 9

severe pes plano valgus foot
intermittent toe walking
low tone of mild hypertonic child

Question 10

contraindications for supramalleolar orthosis (SMO)

Answer 10

high tone and posturing
dominant toe walking
genu recurvatum/flexion

Question 11

T/F: a supramalleolar orthosis (SMO) is effective in controlling the knee

Answer 11

F

Question 12

how does a supramalleolar orthosis (SMO) effect gait?

Answer 12

facilitates foot clearance in swing

Question 13

where are trimlines for posterior leaf spring (PLS) orthosis?

Answer 13

posterior to midline of medial and lateral malleoli

Question 14

contraindications of posterior leaf spring (PLS) orthosis

Answer 14

stance control needed
knee control needed
inversion or supination control needed

Question 15

purposes of posterior leaf spring (PLS) orthosis

Answer 15

• increased limb clearance during swing
• controlled lowering of foot during loading response (heel rocker)

Question 16

primary effect of solid ankle AFO

Answer 16

block all planes of motion at ankle

Question 17

secondary effect of solid ankle AFO

Answer 17

limitation of ankle motion –> impact movement of knee position

Question 18

indications of solid ankle AFO

Answer 18

• control stance phase (knee hyperextension or excessive knee flexion)
• DF assist
• moderate to severe hypertonicity

Question 19

contraindications of solid ankle AFO

Answer 19

open chain problems when ankle movement in stance should be preserves

Question 20

T/F: there is a loss of all rockers with a solid ankle AFO

Answer 20

T

Question 21

where are trimlines for solid ankle AFO?

Answer 21

middle of malleoli –> control mediolateral stability

Question 22

what motions does an articulated AFO allow?

Answer 22

ankle rocker
sagittal plane movement

Question 23

DF restraint on an articulated AFO controls _____

Answer 23

tibial translation

Question 24

PF stop on an articulated AFO purpose

Answer 24

decreased amount of PF

Question 25

primary effect of ground reaction AFO

Answer 25

apply external extension moment to knee

Question 26

secondary effect of ground reaction AFO

Answer 26

good midfoot and rearfoot control

Question 27

indications of ground reaction AFO

Answer 27

assist weak quads (and weak PF)

Question 28

contraindications of ground reaction AFO

Answer 28

NOTABLE genu recurvatum during stance PF weakness (textbook answer)

Question 29

how is foot control different with a rear entry ground reaction AFO?

Answer 29

no rearfoot control without an inner boot

Question 30

how do pins and springs alter a double metal upright orthosis?

Answer 30

pins - block spring - assist in motion

Question 31

secondary effect of double metal upright orthosis

Answer 31

control mild inversion or eversion with T strap resist PF

Question 32

indications for double metal upright orthosis

Answer 32

at risk foot - flexible pes planus, diabetic neuropathy

Question 33

which angle changes based off of the type of shoe worn or the wedging?

Answer 33

floor to shank angle

Question 34

which brace best accommodates for weak quads (0 or 1/5)?

Answer 34

KAFO

Question 35

when to use KAFO instead of AFO?

Answer 35

when excessive movement occurs at the knee during stance phase that can't be effectively controlled by an AFO

Question 36

contraindications for metal

Answer 36

energy expenditure issues control of transverse plane needed

Question 37

contraindications for plastic

Answer 37

obesity fluctuating edema

Question 38

primary use of posteriorly offset knee joint KAFO

Answer 38

managing knee hyperextension

Question 39

posteriorly offset knee joint KAFO creates a ___ force and provides stability _____ (with or without) a lock

Answer 39

extensor without

Question 40

keeping the knee in _____ position decreases energy conservation during gait

Answer 40

extension

Question 41

which orthotic should be used for a knee flexion contracture?

Answer 41

variable position orthotic knee joint

Question 42

for a stance control KAFO, it is ____ during stance and ___ during swing

Answer 42

locked unlocked

Question 43

big issue with stance control KAFO

Answer 43

fall risk

Question 44

which KAFO has stumble recovery?

Answer 44

microprocessor knee joint

Question 45

posterior leaf spring AFO is most effective in ___ or ____

Answer 45

low tone or flaccid paralysis

Question 46

which orthotic has the highest level of control below the knee?

Answer 46

solid ankle AFO

Question 47

primary effect of articulated ankle AFO

Answer 47

controlled ankle motion can block PF may smooth out 2nd 1/2 of stance

Question 48

secondary effect of articulated ankle AFO

Answer 48

less control of stance rear and mid foot than solid ankle AFO

Question 49

contraindications for articulated ankle AFO

Answer 49

absent quads balance problems

Question 50

contraindications for metal upright AFO

Answer 50

when weight is an issue

Question 51

primary effect of metal upright AFO

Answer 51

assist, resist, or block DF or PF swing phase control drop foot control

Question 52

if pt has weak PF with a metal upright AFO, what modification should be made?

Answer 52

stop at front