LE Muscles Flashcards
Iliopsoas M.
psoas Major M.
psoas Minor M.
Iliacus M.
O: Lateral portion of vertebral bodies T12-L5
I: Lesser Trochanter
A: Chief Flexor of the thigh
N: Psoas Major - L1-L3 Ventral Rami
Psoas Minor - L1-L2 Ventral Rami
Iliacus - Femoral N.
Sartorius M.
“Longest muscle in body”
“Tailor sit muscle”
O: ASIS
I: Just below Medial Epicondyle (Pes Anserinus)
A: Flex , ABduct, laterally rotate thigh
Flex at knee
N: Femoral N.
Rectus Femoris M.
“Quadriceps Femoris”
O: Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS)
I: Tibial Tuberosity
A: Extend thigh and knee
N: Femoral N.
Vastus Lateralis M.
“Quadriceps Femoris”
O: Shaft of Femur
I: Tibial tuberosity
A: Extend Knee
N: Femoral N.
Vastus Medialis M.
“Quadriceps Femoris”
O: Shaft of femur
I: Tibial Tuberosity
A: Extend Knee
N: Femoral N.
Vastus Intermedius M.
“Quadriceps Femoris”
O: Shaft of Femur
I: Tibial Tuberosity
A: Extend Knee
N: Femoral N.
Pectineus M.
O: Pectin line of Pubis
I: Pectineal Line
A: Flex, Adduct Thigh
N: Femoral N.
Adductor Longus M.
O: Body of Pubis
I: Linea Aspera (middle 1/3)
A: Adduct and flexes thigh
N: Obturator N.
Adductor Brevis M.
O: Body of Pubis
I: Pectineal line & Proximal linea aspera
A: Adduct thigh, assist in thigh flexion
N: Obturator N.
Adductor Magnus M.
Adductor part
Hamstring part
(separate at the Adductor Hiatus)
O: Adductor = Ischiopubic Ramus
Hamstring = Ischial Tuberosity
I: Adductor = Gluteal tuberosity, linea
aspera, medial supracondylar
line
Hamstring = Adductor Tubercle (Medial
Epicondyle)
A: Whole muscle = Adducts thigh
Upper = flex thigh
Hamstring = Extend Thigh
N: Adductor: Obturator N.
Hamstring: Tibial Division of Sciatic N.
Gracilis M.
O: Body of the Pubis
I: Pes Anserinus
A: Adduct Thigh, assist in medial thigh rotation, flex the knee
N: Obturator N.
Obturator Externus M.
"shows up in anterior portion" O: External margins of Obturator Foramen I: Trochanteric Fossa A: Laterally rotate thigh, stabilize femoral head N: Obturator N.
Gluteus Maximus M.
O: Posterior Gluteal Line (Lateral Sacral Crest)
I: Gluteal Tuberosity
Iliotibial Band
A: Chief Extensor of the Thigh
Lateral Rotation of thigh
Slight Extension of leg when working with tensor
fascia lata
N: Inferior Gluteal N.Gluteus Medius M.
O: Ilium Btw anterior and posterior Gluteal Lines
I: Near Greater Trochanter (lateral aspect)
A: Hip ABductor and medial rotation (Hip Stabilizer)
N: Superior Gluteal N.
Gluteus Minimus M.
O: Ilium Btw anterior and posterior gluteal lines
I: Greater trochanter (anterior aspect)
A: Hip ABductor and Medial rotation (Hip Stabilizer)
N: Superior Gluteal N.
Tensor Fascia Lata M.
O: ASIS, anterior aspect of iliac spine
I: Iliotibial tract (IT Band), Lateral Tibial Condyle
A: Abducts, medially rotates, flexes thigh
Slightly extends knee (W/ Gluteus Maximus)
N: Superior Gluteal N.
Piriformis M.
O: Anterior lateral aspect of sacrum
I: Trochanteric Fossa
A: Laterally rotates LE, ABducts FLEXED hip
N: Nerve to the Piriformis M.
Obturator Internus M.
“Tendon is btw the Gemelli Ms.
O: Pelvic Surface of Ilium and ischeium
I: Greater Trochanter
A: Laterally rotate thigh, stabilizes femoral head
N: Nerve to the Obturator Internus M. and Superior Gemellus M.
Superior Gemellus M.
O: Ischial Spine
I: Medial aspect of the Greater Trochanter
A: Laterally rotate extended hip, ABducts flexed thigh, stabilizes femoral head
N: Nerve to the Obturator Internus M. and Superior Gemellus M.
Inferior Gemellus M.
O: Ischial Tuberosity
I: Medial aspect of the Greater Trochanter
A: Laterally rotate extended hip, ABducts flexed thigh, stabilizes femoral head
N: Nerve to the Quadratus Femoris M. and the Inferior Gemellus M.
Quadratus Femoris M.
O: Inferior to the acetabulum
I: Quadrate Tubercle
A: Laterally rotate thigh, stabilize head of femur
N: Nerve to the Quadratus Femoris M. and the Inferior Gemellus M.
Biceps Femoris M.
O: Long Head: Ischial Tuberosity
Short Head: Linea Aspera, Lateral Supracondylar line
I: Long Head: Fibular Head
Short Head: Fibular Head
A: Long Head: Thigh extension, Leg flexion
Short Head: Leg Flexion
N: Long head: Tibial Division of the Sciatic N.
Short Head: Common fibular Division of Sciatic N.
Semitendinosus M
O: Ischial Tuberosity
I: Pes Anserinus
A: Extend Thigh, Flex leg, (Medially rotate)
N: Tibial Division of the Sciatic N.
Semimembranosus M
O: Ischial Tuberosity
I: -Medial Tibial Condyle
-Tendon divides off also to blend with Popliteal
Fascia, Becomes the Oblique Popliteal Ligament.
A: Extend Thigh, Flex Leg
N: Tibial Division of the Sciatic N.
Gastrocnemius M.
O: Medial Head: Superior to Medial Femoral Condyle
Lateral Head: Superior to Lateral Femoral Condyle
I: Calcaneus via Calcaneal Tendon (Achilles Tendon)
A: Plantarflexion, Flexes leg at Knee
N : Tibial N.
Soleus M.
O: Soleal Line of Tibia, Posterior head of Fibula, Superior 1/4 of fibula
I: Calcaneus via Calcaneal Tendon (Achilles Tendon)
A: Plantarflexion
N: Tibial N.
Plantaris M.
O: Lateral Supracondylar Line
I: Calcaneus via Calcaneal Tendon (Achilles Tendon)
A: Weak plantarflexion, weak leg flexion
N: Tibial N.
- Proprioreceptive organ for foot position
Popliteus M.
O: Lateral Femoral Condyle, Lateral Meniscus
I: Posterior Tibia (superomedial to the soleal line)
A: Unlocks extended leg by laterally rotating femur
Weakly Flex leg
N: Tibial N.
Flexor Hallucis Longus M.
O: Inferior 2/3 of the fibula
I: Base of distal phalanx of great toe
A: Flexes Great toe, Plantarfelx
N: Tibial N.
*Groove for Flexor Hallucis Longus tendon on Talus B.
(btw medial and lateral tubercle of talus)
* Sustentaculum Tali
(L. that supports Talus B.)
(on the Calcaneus)
Flexor Digitorum Longus M.
O: Posterior Tibia
I: Distal Phalanx base of lateral 4 digits
(Crosses superficially over the Flexor Hallucis Longus
tendon)
A: Flexes Lateral four digits, Platarflex
N: Tibial N.
Tibialis Posterior M.
O: Interosseous membrane, posterior tibia, posteromedial surface of fibula
I: Tarsal Bones (crosses onto bottom of foot)
A: Plantarflexion, inversion
N: Tibial N.
*forms sling on bottom of foot for arch support
Tibialis Anterior M.
O: Lateral Tibial Condyle and superolateral 1/2 of Tibia
I: Medial cuneiform (Medial Surface to invert) and first metatarsal base
A: Dorsiflexion and Eversion
N: Deep Fibular N.
Extensor Hallucis Longus M.
O: Interosseous Membrane and Anteromedial Fibular Surface
I: Base of 1st Distal Phalanx
A: Extend the Hallux, Dorsiflex Ankle
N: Deep Fibular N.
Extensor Digitorum Longus M.
O: Lateral Tibial Condyle, Anterior Fibular Surface, Interosseous Membrane
I: 2nd-5th digits middle and distal phalanges
(Forms an Extensor Expansion over dorsum over proximal phalanges)
(Extensor Expansion) divides into
- Two Lateral Slips (Distal Phalanx)
- One Central Slip (Middle Phalanx)
A: Extends Lateral 4 digits
N: Deep Fibular N.
Fibularis Tertius M.
O: Anteroinferior aspect of Fibula
I: Base of 5th metatarsal B (Dorsal Aspect)
A: Dorsiflex, Assist with Eversion
N: Deep Fibular N.
(Passes Anteriorly to the Lateral Malleolus)
Fibularis Longus M.
O: Head and superolateral 2/3 of fibula
I: Firat metatarsal and Medial Cunieform (Runs obliquely and distally across sole of foot)
A: Eversion, Plantarflexion
N: Superficial Fibular N.
(Passes Inferiorly to Lateral Malleolus, and across plantar surface of foot to form Sling)
- Fibular Trochlea (on Calcaneus)
- Groove for Fibularis Longus M. (on Cuboid)
Fibularis Brevis M.
O: Inferolateral 2/3 of fibula
I: Tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal (Lateral surface)
A: Eversion, Plantarflexion
N: Superficial Fibular N.
(Passes inferiorly to lateral malleolus)
Extensor Hallucis Brevis M.
O: Superolateral aspect of Calcaneus
I: Base of 1st Proximal Phalanx (in the Extensor Hood)
A: Extend the Hallux
N: Lateral Branch of the Deep Fibular N.
Extensor Digitorum Brevis M.
O: Superolateral aspect of calcaneus
I: Join the tendons of the extensor Digitorum Longus M. (Only on digits2-4)
A: Extend digits 2-4
N: Lateral Branch of the Deep Fibular N.
Abductor Digiti Minimi M.
O: Calcaneal Tuberosity
I: Lateral aspect of 5th Proximal Phalanx
A: Abduct 5th Digit, Flex 5th Digit
N: Lateral Plantar N.
Flexor Digitorum Brevis M.
O: Medial Tubercle Calcaneal tuberosity
I: Intermediate Phalanges 2nd-5th
A: Flex digits 2-5
N: Medial Plantar N.
(Tendon splits so the Flexor Digitorum Longus goes through to the distal Phalanges)
Abductor Hallucis M.
O: Medial Tubercle Calcaneal Tuberosity
I: Medial aspect of 1st proximal phalanx
A: Abduct hallux, Flex hallux
N: Medial Plantar N.
Lumbricals
There are 4 of them
O: From the Flexor Digitorum Longus M. Tendons
I: Medial aspect of extensor expansions of digits 2-5
A: Flex metatarsophalangeal joints, extend proximal interphalangeal joints, extend distal interphalangeal joints
N: (2nd-4th Lumbricals) Lateral Plantar N.
(1st Lumbrical) Medial Plantar N.
(helps keep toes straight)
Quadratus Plantae M.
O: Calcaneus
I: Joins Tendon of the flexor Digitorum Longus M.
A: Assists in flexion of lateral 4 digits
N: Lateral Plantar N.
(does not have analog in the hand)
(Straightens out the pull of the FDL M.)
(without it the toes would flex laterally)
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis M.
O: Base of 5th Metatarsal
I: Base of 5th Proximal Phalanx
A: Flexes 5th Digit
N: (Deep) Lateral Plantar N.
Adductor Hallucis M.
O: Transverse Head= Plantar Metatarsophalngeal joints
(2-5)
Oblique Head = Base of 2-4 Metatarsals
I: 1st Proximal Phalanx
A: Adduct Hallux
N: (Superficial) Lateral Plantar N.
Flexor Hallucis Brevis M.
O: Cuboid, Lateral Cuneiform
I: Medial/Lateral heads = 1st Proximal Phalanx
A: Flex Hallux
N: Medial Plantar N.
(Medial/Lateral heads (tendons) have sesamoid bones that protect the Head of the 1st metatarsal)
** Tendon of the Flexor Hallucis Longus runs btw the
sesamoid bones so you dont step on it
Dorsal Interossei Ms.
DABs (4)
O: Bases of 1st-5th Metatarsals
I: Both sides of the 2nd digit, Lateral side of 3,4
A: Abduct digits 2-4
N: Lateral Plantar N.
(on both sides of 2nd digit, lateral side of 3,4)
Plantar Interossei Ms.
PADS (3)
O: Bases of 3-5 metatarsals
I: 3rd-5th Proximal Phalanges
A: Adduct digits 3-5
N: Lateral Plantar N.
(on medial sides of metatarsals 3-5)
