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1
Q

Levator ani

A

O: Body of pubis, fascia of obturator internus, spine of ischium
I: Perineal body; anococcygeal body; walls of prostate, vagina, rectum, and anal canal
N: 4th sacral nerve, pudendal nerve
A: Supports pelvic viscera; sphincter to anorectal junction and vagina

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2
Q

Coccygeus

A

O: Spine of ischium
I: Lower end of sacrum and coccyx
N: 4th and 5th sacral nerve
A: Assists levator ani to support pelvic viscera; flexes coccyx

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3
Q

Gluteus maximus

A 
O: Outer surface of
ilium, sacrum,
coccyx,
sacrotuberous
ligament
I: Iliotibial tract and
gluteal tuberosity
of femur
N: Inferior gluteal
nerve
A: Extends and
laterally rotates
hip joint; through
iliotibial tract,
it extends knee
joint
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4
Q

Gluteus medius

A 
O: Outer surface of
Ilium
I: Lateral surface of
greater trochanter
of femur
N: Superior gluteal nerve
A: Abducts thigh at hip
joint; tilts pelvis
when walking to
permit opposite
leg to clear
ground
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5
Q

Gluteus minimus

A 
O: Outer surface of
Ilium
I: Anterior surface of
greater trochanter
of femur
N: Superior gluteal nerve
A: Abducts thigh at hip
joint; tilts pelvis
when walking to
permit opposite
leg to clear
ground
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6
Q

Tensor fasciae latae

A 
O: Iliac crest
I: Iliotibial tract
N: Superior
gluteal nerve
A: Assists gluteus
maximus in
extending the
knee joint
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7
Q

Piriformis

A 
O: Anterior surface
of sacrum
I: Upper border of
greater trochanter
of femur
N: 1st and 2nd
sacral nerves
A: Lateral rotator of
thigh at hip joint (medial rotator after 90 degrees flexion)
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8
Q

Obturator internus

A

O: Inner surface of obturator membrane
I: Upper border of greater trochanter of femur
N: Sacral plexus (nerve to obturator internus)
A: Lateral rotator of
thigh at hip joint

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9
Q

Gemellus superior

A 
O: Spine of ischium
I: Upper border of
greater trochanter
of femur
N: Sacral plexus
(Nerve to obturator internus)
A: Lateral rotator of
thigh at hip joint
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10
Q

Gemellus inferior

A 
O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Upper border of
greater trochanter
of femur
N: Sacral plexus
(Nerve to quadratus femoris)
A: Lateral rotator of
thigh at hip joint
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11
Q

Quadratus femoris

A 
O: Lateral border of ischial tuberosity
I: Quadrate tubercle of
Femur
N: Sacral plexus
(Nerve to quadratus femoris)
A: Lateral rotator of
thigh at hip joint
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12
Q

Sartorius

A

O: Anterior superior iliac spine
I: Upper medial surface of shaft of tibia
N: Femoral nerve
A: Flexes, abducts, laterally rotates thigh at hip
joint; flexes and medially rotates leg at knee joint

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13
Q

Iliacus

A

O: Iliac fossa of hip bone
I: With psoas into lesser trochanter of femur
N: Femoral nerve
A: Flexes thigh on trunk; if thigh is fixed, it flexes the trunk on the thigh as in sitting up from lying down

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14
Q

Psoas

A

O: Transverse processes, bodies, and intervertebral discs of the 12th thoracic and five lumbar vertebrae
I: With iliacus into lesser trochanter of femur
N: Lumbar plexus
A: Flexes thigh on trunk; if thigh is fixed, it flexes the trunk on thigh as in sitting up from lying down

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15
Q

Pectineus

A

O: Superior ramus of pubis
I: Upper end of linea aspera of shaft of femur
N: Femoral nerve
A: Flexes and adducts thigh at hip joint

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16
Q

Rectus femoris

A

O: AIIS (straight head); ilium above acetabulum (reflected head)
I: Quadriceps tendon into patella, then via ligamentum patellae into tubercle of tibia
N: Femoral nerve
A: Extension of leg at knee joint; flexes thigh at hip joint

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17
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

O: Upper end of shaft of femur
I: Quadriceps tendon into patella, then via ligamentum patellae into tubercle of tibia
N: Femoral nerve
A: Extension of leg at knee joint

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18
Q

Vastus medialis

A

O: Upper end of shaft of femur
I: Quadriceps tendon into patella, then via ligamentum patellae into tubercle of tibia
N: Femoral nerve
A: Extension of leg at knee joint; stabilizes patella

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19
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

O: Anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur
I: Quadriceps tendon into patella, then via ligamentum patellae into tubercle of tibia
N: Femoral nerve
A: Extension of leg at knee joint; articularis genus retracts synovial membrane

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20
Q

Gracilis

A

O: Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium
I: Upper part of shaft of tibia
N: Obturator nerve
A: Adducts thigh at hip joint; flexes leg at knee joint

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21
Q

Adductor longus

A

O: Body of pubis, medial to pubic tubercle
I: Posterior surface of shaft of femur (linea aspera)
N: Obturator nerve
A: Adducts thigh at hip joint, assists in lateral rotation

22
Q

Adductor brevis

A

O: Inferior ramus of pubis
I: Posterior surface of shaft of femur (linea aspera)
N: Obturator nerve
A: Adducts thigh at hip joint, assists in lateral rotation

23
Q

Adductor magnus

A

O: Inferior ramus of pubis; ramus of ischium; ischial tuberosity
I: Posterior surface of shaft of femur (linea aspera); adductor tubercle of femur
N: Obturator nerve (adductor portion); sciatic nerve (hamstring portion)
A: Adducts thigh at hip joint, assists in lateral rotation; extends thigh at hip joint

24
Q

Obturator externus

A

O: Outer surface of obturator membrane and pubic and ischial rami
I: Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
N: Obturator nerve
A: Lateral rotator of thigh at hip joint

25
Biceps femoris
O: Ischial tuberosity (long head); linea aspera, lateral supracondylar ridge of shaft of femur (short head) I: Head of fibula N: Tibial portion of sciatic nerve (long head); common peroneal portion of sciatic nerve (short head) A: Flexes and laterally rotates leg at knee joint; long head also extends thigh at hip joint
26
Semitendinosus
O: Ischial tuberosity I: Upper part of medial surface of shaft of tibia N: Tibial portion of sciatic nerve A: Flexes and medially rotates leg at knee joint; extends thigh at hip joint
27
Semimembranosus
O: Ischial tuberosity I: Medial condyle of tibia N: Tibial portion of sciatic nerve A: Flexes and medially rotates leg at knee joint; extends thigh at hip joint
28
Tibialis anterior
O: Lateral shaft of tibia and interosseous membrane I: Medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal bone N: Deep peroneal nerve A: Extends foot at ankle joint; inverts foot at subtalar and transverse tarsal joint; holds up MLA of foot
29
Extensor digitorum longus
O: Anterior surface of shaft of fibula I: Extensor expansion of lateral four toes N: Deep peroneal nerve A: Extends toes; extends foot at ankle joint
30
Extensor hallucis longus
O: Anterior surface of shaft of fibula I: Base of distal phalanx of great toe N: Deep peroneal nerve A: Extends big toe; extends foot at ankle joint; inverts foot at subtalar and transverse tarsal joints
31
Peroneus tertius
O: Anterior surface of shaft of fibula I: Base of 5th metatarsal bone N: Deep peroneal nerve A: Extends foot at ankle joint; everts foot at subtalar and transverse tarsal joints
32
Extensor digitorum brevis
O: Calcaneum I: By four tendons into the proximal phalanx of big toe and long extensor tendons to second, third, and fourth toes N: Deep peroneal nerve A: Extends toes
33
Peroneus longus
O: Lateral surface of shaft of fibula I: Base of first metatarsal and the medial cuneiform N: Superficial peroneal nerve A: Plantar flexes foot at ankle joint; everts foot at subtalar and transverse tarsal joints; supports lateral longitudinal and transverse arches of foot
34
Peroneus brevis
O: Lateral surface of shaft of fibula I: Base of fifth metatarsal N: Superficial peroneal nerve A: Plantar flexes foot at ankle joint; everts foot at subtalar and transverse tarsal joints; supports lateral longitudinal and transverse arches of foot
35
Gastrocnemius
O: Lateral condyle of femur (lateral head); above medial condyle (medial head) I: Via tendon calcaneus into posterior surface of calcaneum N: Tibial nerve A: Plantar flexes foot at ankle joint; flexes knee joint
36
Plantaris
O: Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur I: Posterior surface of calcaneum N: Tibial nerve A: Plantar flexes foot at ankle joint; flexes knee joint
37
Soleus
O: Shafts of tibia and fibula I: Via tendon calcaneus into posterior surface of calcaneum N: Tibial nerve A: Together with gastrocnemius is powerful plantar flexor of ankle joint; provides main propulsive force in walking and running
38
Popliteus
O: Lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur I: Posterior surface of shaft of tibia above soleal line N: Tibial nerve A: Flexes leg at knee joint; unlocks knee joint by lateral rotation of femur on tibia and slackens ligaments of joint
39
Flexor digitorum longus
O: Posterior surface of shaft of tibia I: Bases of distal phalanges of lateral four toes N: Tibial nerve A: Flexes distal phalanges of lateral four toes; plantarflexes foot at ankle
40
Flexor hallucis longus
O: Posterior surface of shaft of fibula I: Base of distal phalanx of big toe N: Tibial nerve A: Flexes big toe; plantar flexes foot at ankle joint; supports MLA of foot
41
Tibialis posterior
O: Posterior surface of shafts of tibia and fibula and interoesseous mebrane I: Tuberosity of navicular bone and other neighboring bones N: Tibial nerve A: Plantarflexes foot at ankle joint; inverts foot at subtalar and transverse tarsal joints; supports MLA of foot
42
Abductor hallucis
O: Medial tuberosity of calcaneum and flexor retinaculum I: Base of proximal phalanx of big toe N: Medial plantar nerve A: Flexes and abducts big toe; braces MLA
43
Flexor digitorum brevis
O: Medial tubercle of calcaneum I: Four tendons to four lateral toes—inserted into borders of middle phalanx; tendons perforated by those of flexor digitorum longus N: Medial plantar nerve A: Flexes lateral four toes; braces medial and lateral longitudinal arches
44
Abductor digiti minimi
O: Medial and lateral tubercles of calcaneum I: Base of proximal phalanx of fifth toe N: Lateral plantar nerve A: Flexes and abducts fifth toe; braces lateral longitudinal arch
45
Quadratus plantae
O: Medial and lateral sides of calcaneum I: Tendons of flexor digitorum longus N: Lateral plantar nerve A: Assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing lateral four toes
46
Lumbricals (4)
O: Tendons of flexor digitorum longus I: Dorsal extensor expansion; bases of proximal phalanges of lateral four toes N: Medial plantar nerve (first lumbrical); lateral plantar nerve (remainder) A: Extends toes at interphalangeal joints
47
Flexor hallucis brevis
O: Cuboid, lateral cuneiform, tibialis posterior insertion I: Base of proximal phalanx of big toe (medial tendon to medial side, lateral tendon to lateral side) N: Medial plantar nerve A: Flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of big toe; supports medial longitudinal arch
48
Adductor hallucis
O: Oblique head bases of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th metatarsal bones; transverse head from plantar ligaments I: Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe N: Deep branch lateral plantar nerve A: Flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of big toe; holds together metatarsal bones
49
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
O: Base of 5th metatarsal bone I: Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of fifth toe N: Lateral plantar nerve A: Flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of little toe
50
Dorsal interossei (4)
O: Adjacent sides of metatarsal bones I: Bases of proximal phalanges (first: medial side of second toe; remainder: lateral sides of second, third, and fourth toes); dorsal extensor expansion N: Lateral plantar nerve A: Abduction of toes; flexes metatarsophalangeal joints and extends interphalangeal joints
51
Plantar interossei (3)
O: Inferior surfaces of 3rd, 4th, 5th metatarsal bones I: Medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of lateral three toes N: Lateral plantar nerve A: Adduction of toes; flexes metatarsophalangeal joints and extends interphalangeal joints

MOINA (2 decks)

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