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Orthotics > LE > Flashcards

LE Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name for the following AFO?

Trim lines behind malleoli; Provides DF assist

A

PLS / posterior leaf spring

intrinsic

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2
Q

What is the name for the following AFO?

Trim lines through malleoli; Provides DF assist, some M/L stability, some knee control

A

SSAFO / semi-solid AFO

intrinsic

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3
Q

What is the name for the following AFO?

Trim lines anterior to malleoli; Limits all foot/ankle motion, Provides DF assist, M/L ankle stability, knee control

A

SAFO / solid AFO

intrinsic

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4
Q

What is the name for the extrinsic AFO made with bichannel adjustable ankle locks or double action joint that can adjust to many levels of fxn?

A

DMU / double metal uprights

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5
Q

What length is typical for accommodative FO?

A

full length

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6
Q

What length is typical for semi-rigid FO?

A

3/4-full length

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7
Q

What length is typical for rigid FO?

A

3/4 length

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8
Q

Indications for KAFO

A

o Little to no voluntary control at knee and foot with some voluntary control of hip and trunk musculature
o Malignment of knee: genu valgus or varus or to a lesser degree, knee flex contractures, severe genu recurvatum

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9
Q

Contraindications for KAFO

A

o Unable to meet energy demands
o Lack of adequate strength
• Decreased hip/trunk strength to allow swing phase
• Lack of control in standing balance or use AD
o Open wound in area of orthosis

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10
Q

What is the upper component of a KAFO called?

A

AK = above the knee

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11
Q

What are the Metal vs. Plastic arguments for KAFO?

A

o Same decision making as AFO’s
o Skin, swelling, adjustability at ankle, pt. preference
o Risk/benefit

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12
Q

What is the most common KAFO joint type?

A

drop lock

Locks drop manually (or by gravity) when knee is extended for gait

Unlock in sitting by pulling two locks up

(If manual, have to lock/unlock both sides simultaneously)

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13
Q

How does Bail lock KAFO fxn?

A

Horizontal lever placed from uprights around and behind knee joint
When lifted, knee joint unlocks

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14
Q

How does CABLE RELEASE KAFO fxn?

A

Trigger switch easier for pts to reach (vs drop locks)

Only requires one hand

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15
Q

How does OFF SET KNEE KAFO fxn?

A

Mechanical knee joint posterior to anatomical knee joint

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16
Q

What is the purpose of functional knee orthoses?

A

o provide alignment
o valgus or varus control
o un-weighting one side of knee
Return to activities!

17
Q

The purpose of patello-femoral orthoses:

A

provide support and patellar tracking

18
Q

Which KAFO joint only requires one hand to lock/unlock?

A

cable release

19
Q

Generally, what knee joint is used for craig scott KAFO?

A

bail locks

20
Q

Describe craig scott KAFO:

A
  • T-shaped foot plate for M/L stability
  • Ankle joint with a ant/post adjustable stops (generally 10 degreed DF)
  • Heavy duty double metal (steel) uprights
  • Pre-tibial band (anterior)
21
Q

Describe the fxn of stance control KAFO:

A

Heel strike causes knee lock to engage (Allows for extension during stance phase)

Toe-off causes knee lock to disengage (Allows for flexion during swing phase)

22
Q

Describe the fxn of ischial WB KAFO:

A

Creates larger WB support area for ischium

Decreases lower leg WB

23
Q

HKAFO indications:

A

o Complete or partial loss of voluntary trunk and LE control

24
Q

HKAFO contraindication:

A

o Unable to meet energy demands
o Inadequate neck and UE strength and coordination
o Hip flexion contracture > 30 degrees

25
Q

A thoracic attachment to support trunk can be added to RGO’s and is called:

A

THKAFO

26
Q

HKAFO with knee joints off set posteriorly; rigid pelvic band covering gluteal/sacral areas; cables connected to each hip are called:

A

RGO = reciprocal gait orthosis

27
Q

What is the fxn of RGO’s?

A

Assists with advancing the LE in a patient with very weak musculature or no active muscles.
How? tension in the cables alternate between the stance leg and the swing leg

28
Q

What does gait look like in RGO’s?

A

Lateral-diagonal wt shift and backwards lean with the upper body to start the motion of one leg moving forward.
- activates the cables to assist with swing and provides only a primitive reciprocal gait

29
Q

Examples of pt.’s who might use RGO?

A

o Motivated dependent patients
o Pt.’s who want to walk down the aisle
o Peds who are lighter for benefit of walking

Orthotics (1 decks)

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