LDM study guide cards Flashcards
LDM works by moving the client’s _______ in different directions.
skin
HOW does LDM stimulate the immune system?
moves stagnant fluid out of tissues
into lymph vessels
where it is transported through lymph nodes
and purified by lymphocytes.
tissues>vessels>nodes>lymphocytes
Lymph Drainage Massage explain
gentle, rhythmic style of massage that mimics the action of the lymphatic system.
Parasympathetic state and the effects on the body.
“relaxed state”
breathing and heart slow
muscles regulate
organs resume normal function
Sympathetic nervous system and effects on the body.
“Fight or flight”
Causes the body to tense, producing chemicals and hormones.
This reaction depresses the immune system while stressing body systems. (including the cardiovascular system)
Describe the massage style & movements for LDM.
light gentle touch
repetitive strokes
precise speed, rhythm and pressure.
Therapists moves client’s skin in different directions: lengthwise, horizontally and diagonally.
What movements should you never use with LDM?
long strokes
heavy pressure
rapid movements
What is edema?
A condition in which excess interstitial fluid saturates tissues causing them to swell.
What things contribute to temporary edema?
too much salt
consuming too much liquid
scar tissue
sedimentary lifestyle
minor injuries (inflammation response)
emotional trauma and stress
What are the 2 types of lymphedema disease?
“congenital or primary” lymphedema
“obstructive or secondary” lymphedema
Causes of primary lymphedema?
Congenital (present at birth) malformation of blood or lymph vessels.
Causes of secondary lymphedema?
obstruction
injury
irradiation (being exposed to radiation/ cancer treatment)
surgery
Symptoms of chronic lymphedema
skin : thickening, cooling, and feeling coarse
becoming prone to injury and infection.
inflammation.
Symptoms of inflammation?
pain
heat
redness
more edema.
Explain lymph fluid.
A body fluid that consists of water, electrolytes and proteins found in the lymphatics.
What is interstitial fluid?
Plasma pushed out of capillaries and forced into interstitial tissue.
What are lymphocytes?
Immune cells
Which are helper cells and which produce antibodies?
helper cells: tcells
produce antibodies: bcells
How do flap valves work?
Flap valves are little doorways that open allowing fluid to enter the lymphatic system.
With body movement these valves flap open allowing fluid to be absorbed into the lymphatic system.
What is the function of lymph nodes, nodules and tonsils?
filter lymph fluid and destroy microorganisms
What are afferent vessels?
lymph vessels that carry lymph toward the nodes.
What are efferent vessels?
vessels that carry lymph out of the nodes and toward the lymphatic ducts.
What are the 2 different lymphatic ducts (which drains a larger portion of the body)?
the right lymphatic duct
the thoracic duct (larger)
Which organs contain lymph tissue?
lymph nodes
tonsils
spleen
thymus
aggregated lymph nodules in the respiratory and digestive tracts
medulla
inner part of the lymph node
immune cells
“What are the key immune cells in the epidermis?”
The key immune cells in the epidermis are:
- lymphocytes
- monocytes
- macrophages
3 pairs of tonsils
pharyngeal
palatine
lingual
adenoids
pharyngeal tonsils
largest organ of the lymphatic system
spleen
phagocytized
broken down into parts
thymus and its importance
two lobe organ
an endocrine gland that helps newborns and young children develop antibodies.
Explain the functions of the lymphatic system.
helps balance fluid
distributes immune cells
rids tissues of excess proteins and toxins
carries digested fat from the intestines to the blood vessels
helps repair damage in injured tissues
nonspecific immunity
innate resistance (born with)
specific immunity
must be acquired, depends on the ability of immune cells to produce antibodies
Describe the inflammation process.
1) Injury occurs
2) bacteria enter through injured tissue
3) damaged cells release chemical signals
4) blood flow and fluid filtration increase into tissues
(heat, redness, swelling, and pain)
5) white blood cells increase
6) bacteria are recognized, attacked, and destroyed
7) fibers in blood create scar tissue to contain the damage and to rebuild the damaged tissue
8) Increased lymph circulation removes debris and cells from the damaged area
What happens during an autoimmune disorder?
“body attacks it’s own cells”
Autoimmune diseases occur when the body becomes confused recognizing foreign cells and the immune system starts to self attack self cells as if they were foreign invaders.
active immunity
acquired.
Everyday life exposures to antigens.
Body’s immune system responds by creating antibodies.
This is why adults get sick less than children bc we have built up more antibodies.
passive immunity
“natural immunity”
passed from mother to child.
What is formed when a neutrophil dies?
Pus
Monocytes:
immature macrophages
Macrophages:
Monocytes mature into macrophages which are 5x larger.
They travel to damages tissue after neutrophils, they are responsible for most of the later stages of infection.
Part of the nonspecific immune system.
What do basophils release?
histamine
What do the chemicals released by eosinophils do?
reduce inflammation
Natural killer cells (where are they produced and what is their function?)
produced in red bone marrow
they recognize and destroy a certain class of cells like tumor cells.
Causes of ordinary edema
lacking exercise
poor diet
scar tissue
heart or kidney disease
radiation therapy
having allergies
menstruation
emotional tension
medications
Contraindications for LDM
cancer open wound, rash, inflamed skin conditions fever heart, kidney or liver disease severe asthma (LDM may trigger a attack) thyroid disease blood clot varicose veins organ transplant, immune suppressing medications
Indications for LDM
before or after surgery soft tissue injury sluggish immune system stress chronic fatigue, mild depression, chronic soft tissue pain traveler's edema water retention from a salty diet scar tissue cellulite unhealthy skin caused by circulation issues high blood pressure chronic colds
Massage principles of LDM?
move the skin, apply gentle pressure, slow movements, in the proper direction
chronic edema with no known cause. what do you do?
tell them to see a dr
Specific conditions to ask about before performing LDM?
heart
blood pressure
blood clots
phlebitis
liver/kidney disease
cancer
What to do when a client will not give health info?
Explain why it’s important. Don’t see them if they won’t provide info.
Axillary
armpit
Infuinal
groin
Where do B-cells originate and mature?
in the bones
Where do T-cells originate and mature?
in bone MARROW
