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Ling > Ld > Flashcards

Ld Flashcards

1
Q

Who created the Kurgan Hypothesis

A

Marija Gimbutas

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2
Q

What is the Kurgan Hypothesis?

A

located the speakers of PIE in the vast steppes north of the Black and Caspian seas (today’s Ukraine and southern Russia) around 3700 BC.

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3
Q

What does Kurgan mean?

A

Turkish word for a tumulus (burial mound)

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4
Q

Sūnus (Lithuanian)

A

Son

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5
Q

Son in Lithuanian

A

Sūnus

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6
Q

Esmi (PIE)

A

I am

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7
Q

Esu (Lithuanian)

A

I am

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8
Q

Penki (Lithuanian)

A

Five

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9
Q

How many cases in PIE

A

8

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10
Q

Languages with a dual case

A

Slovene, some dialects of Lithuanian, Ancient Greek, PIE

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11
Q

Rudenėja (Lithuanian)

A

Beginning of autumn as manifested in nature

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12
Q

Elävä (Finnish)

A

Living

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13
Q

How many cases in Lithuanian?

A

7

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14
Q

How many cases in Polish?

A

7

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15
Q

Nowak (English equivalent)

A

Newman

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16
Q

Kowalski meaning

A

Derivation of the word for smith in Polish

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17
Q

Jankowski (English equivalent)

A

Johnson

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18
Q

Krawczyk (English equivalent)

A

Tailor

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19
Q

Faber (Latin; English equivalent)

A

Smith

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20
Q

MacGowan (English equivalent)

A

Smith

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21
Q

Viit (Estonian)

A

Five

22
Q

Viisi (Finnish)

A

Five

23
Q

What is Khanty?

A

A Uralic language family

24
Q

How many people speak Southern Khanty?

A

None. It’s extinct.

25
Q

Koti (Finnish)

A

Home

26
Q

How many people speak Komi-Zyrian?

A

Nearly 100,000

27
Q

Vit (Komi)

A

Five

28
Q

Öt (Hungarian)

A

Five

29
Q

How many cases in Finnish?

A

15

30
Q

What is Scouse?

A

Accent and dialect associated with Liverpool

31
Q

When did Slovenes settle into Slovenia?

A

Sixth century

32
Q

Why is Slovenia so linguistically diverse?

A

It’s at the crossroads of many different languages plus mountains and other natural barriers

33
Q

vrtíčkar (slovene)

A

strictly speaking no more than a hobby gardener with an allotment, but the word also suggests that the person is more interested in spending time drinking beer with other vrtíčkars than in growing vegetables and flowers. It could be extended in English to refer to people with any hobby that’s a cover for conviviality.

34
Q

What is Polari?

A

Form of slang or cant most famously used in gay subcultures

35
Q

Where does the word Polari come from?

A

Parlare

36
Q

Who was Ľudovít Štúr?

A

Man credited with creating a unified Slovak language

37
Q

Who is credited with creating a unified Slovak language?

A

Ľudovít Štúr

38
Q

Prozvonit (Slovak)

A

To make someone’s phone ring just once in the hope that they will call back (or sometimes as a coded message). Surprisingly many languages have words for this practice, e.g. Spanish dar un toque ‘give a knock’.

39
Q

(Slovak) To make someone’s phone ring just once in the hope that they will call back (or sometimes as a coded message).

A

Prozvonit

40
Q

What does Faroe mean?

A

Far (sheep) ø (island)

41
Q

How many cases in Faroese?

A

Four

42
Q

Who is Venceslaus Ulricus Hammershaimb?

A

Man responsible for the modern orthography of Faroese

43
Q

Why is Faroese so hard to read?

A

Venceslaus Ulricus Hammershaimb decided that it should be spelled as it was written in the past, not how it was actually pronounced in his lifetime

44
Q

svørð (Faroese)

A

Sword

45
Q

Sword in Faroese

A

svørð

46
Q

Maelstrom word origin

A

It might come from Faroese

47
Q

Geci (Hungarian)

A

Very offensive Hungarian insult

48
Q

control etymology

A

contreroulle or counter-roll a duplicate of a roll or other document, which was kept for purposes of cross-checking. At its origins, the word first meant “verification,” but by the late sixteenth century it had come to encompass the direction, management, and surveillance that verification required.

49
Q

What does inside baseball mean?

A

minutiae and detailed inner workings of a system that are only interesting to, or appreciated by, experts, insiders, and aficionados

50
Q

Ela (Greek)

A

come/come on

51
Q

Aniazo (Greek)

A

I greave

Ling (3 decks)

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