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LCA acronyms Flashcards

1
Q

ADP

A

= Abiotic resource depletion
potential

Midpoint impact assessment method for abiotic
resources, such as minerals and metals

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2
Q

LUC

A

= Land use change

Alterations of land that can cause environmental
impacts

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3
Q

DALY

A

= Disability-adjusted life years

A measure of overall disease burden, expressed as the number of years lost due to ill-health, disability
or early death

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4
Q

AoP

A

= Area of protection

The endpoints / safeguard subjects of an LCA,
specifically human health, the natural environment
and natural resources

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5
Q

ROHS

A

= Restriction on hazardous substances

EU directive prohibiting the use heavy metals and
other chemicals in electric and electronic
equipment

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6
Q

GWP

A

= Global warming potential

Characterization factor for the climate change
impact category

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7
Q

LCI

A

= Life cycle inventory analysis

The second phase of the LCA framework, including data gathering as well as calculation of input and output flows

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8
Q

FU

A

= Functional unit

Unit that expresses the function of a product system quantitatively and serves as a basis for product comparisons

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9
Q

CF

A

= Characterization factor

Parameters based on impact pathway models that reflect the environmental or resource impact of the emissions or resource

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10
Q

CLCA

A

= Consequential life cycle assessment

Change-oriented type of LCA that quantifies the environmental consequenses of an action

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11
Q

Elementary flow

A

Flows between the environment and the technosphere

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12
Q

Inventory table

A

Table showing life cycle inventory analysis results in terms of inputs and outputs per functional unit

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13
Q

Cradle-to-grave study

A

LCA study covering the whole life cycle, from raw material extraction to the end of life

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14
Q

ReCiPe

A

A package of impact assessment methods covering midpoint, endpoint and weighting

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15
Q

Actor-based LCA

A

Quantification of environmental impacts within an actor’s sphere of responsibility/influence

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16
Q

Ecodesign

A

Consideration of environmental issues in product development to minimize environmental impact over life cycle without compromising other essential criteria

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17
Q

Weighting

A

The aggregation of all environmental and resource impacts into one single score

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18
Q

openLCA

A

Open-source software for LCA modelling

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19
Q

Type I environmental lable

A

Third-party verified lables telling that a product fulfils certain environmental criteria

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20
Q

Pedegree matrix

A

Table with criteria for assessing inventory data quality in LCA

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21
Q

Dfe

A

= Design for environment

The act of designing products taking environmental issues into account

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22
Q

EPD

A

= Environmental product declaration

Standardised, third-party certified LCA results for a product, communicated on the market. Mostly focused on the numerical results when reviewing.

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23
Q

ILCD

A

= International reference life cycle data system

Handbook for LCA + data network for LCA data, published by the EU

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24
Q

iLUC

A

= Indirect land use change

Land use change occuring as an indirect effect of land use change elsewhere

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25
LCM
= Life cycle management Managerial practices and organisational arrangments in a company or product chain that are expressions of life cycle thinking
26
LCI
= Life cycle inventory analysis Stage in LCA procedure. Assessment and evaluation (translation) of inventory results into metrics for potential environmental impact
27
PCR
= Product category rules Rules and guidelines for LCAs for specific product category, in a Type III/EPD and/or PEF context
28
PEF
= Product environmental footprint Latest LCA guideline from the EU
29
WEEE
= Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Class of waste subject to regulation under the WEE directive (in the EU)
30
Well-to-wheel study
LCA study of a vehicle fuel
31
Abiotic resource
Non-living, non-organic material resources, for example metals, minerals, land, fresh water, air and sunlight
32
Elementary flow
Inflow to a product system from the natural system without previous technical transformation or outflow from a a product system to the natural system (emission)
33
Nitrogen fixation
Process by which nitrogen (N2) in the Earth's atmosphere is converted to ammonia which is absorbed by living organisms
34
Carbon footprint
LCA study with respect to greenhouse gases only. (Can also mean greenhouse gas emissions from other types entities, using other system boundaries, e.g. the carbon footprint of an organisation)
35
Characterisation factor
Scientifically based indicators that are quantitive measures for environmental impact. Used to “translate” inventory results to LCIA results
36
Open loop recycling
Recycling of a product into some other type of product, often implying a quality degradation
37
Dominance analysis
Analysis of LCA results to determine what partis of the life cycle give rise to the greatest (dominant) environmental impact
38
iLUC
= Indirect land use change
39
ADP
= Abiotic resource depletion potential
40
eq
= equivalents
41
GWP20
= Global warming potential over 20 years
42
DQR
= Data Quality requirement
43
PDF
= Potential disappearing fraction of species
43
AoP
= Area of protection
43
The LCA framework
An established procedure for LCA, comprising the goal and scope definition, inventory analysis, impact assessment and interpretation steps
44
System boundary
The (technical) boundary that delimits the product system under study from the natural environment and other product systems
45
Elementary flow
Flows between the environment and the technosphere
46
Characterization factor
A factor that “translates” the mass of an elementary flow into an impact.
47
DLUC
= Direct land use change
48
PLCA
= prospective Life Cycle Assessment
49
CF
= Characterization Factor / Carbon Footprint
50
FEP
= freshwater eutrophication potential
51
EPD
= environmental production declaration
52
DfX
= Design for X
53
PCR
= product category rules
54
Goal and scope definition
The first step in doing an LCA in which the goal (what, why, for who, purpose (specific question) (the contextual aspects), and the scope (the modelling aspects), e.g. functtional unit, system boundaries, impact categories, allocation approaches, etc. are defined.
55
Scope 2 GHG emissions
Indirect GHG emissions from purchased electricity
56
Unit process
It is “the atom of an LCI model” and describes what the inputs to and outputs from this process are. It is “the atom of an LCI model” and describes what the inputs (elementary flows from nature (e.g. resource use), product flows from other unit processes, waste flows from other unit processes) to and outputs from (elementary flows to nature (e.g. CO2 emissions), product and waste flows to other unit processes) this process are.
57
Classification
The step in life cycle impact assessment in which the elementary flows are claassified according to their potential contribution to an impact category
58
Contribution analysis
Identification of the most problematic emission / environmental impact (definition from the course book).
59
LCIA
= Life cycle impact assessment LCIA is a step for evaluating the potential environmental impacts by converting the LCI results into specific impact indicators

LCA (1 decks)

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