LC2 - 2 Flashcards
Peptide hormone elevated in trisomy 21 pregnancies
hCG
Counter-regulatory peptide hormone that directs maternal system to shift to more fatty acid metabolism, making glucose and carbs more available for the fetus
hPL (human placental lactogen)
hPL
- Produced by syncytiotrophoblasts
- Shifts maternal system to more FA metabolism to free up glucose for the fetus
- Creates insulin resistance (partly responsible for development of gestational diabetes)
Can result in IUGR (intrauterine growth restriction)
- Global impaired transport
- Maternal hyperthyroidism
- Fetal Graves Disease
- Triploidy (fatal)
Low hPGH levels can suggest _____
IUGR
High hPGH levels can suggest _____
Higher insulin resistance (gestational diabetes) and obesity
If you find IgM in a fetal blood sample during pregnancy, it is of _____ origin and probably indicates the presence of ________
- fetal origin
* an acute fetal infection
Transport of maternal IgG to fetal circulation occurs via ______
receptor-mediated endocytosis via Fc receptors
Maternal anti-fetal RBC response developed in first pregnancy is important in future pregnancies because:
IgM developed in current pregnancy cannot cross the placenta, while IgG will cross in future pregnancies.
To prevent immune-mediated hydrops fetalis, ___ mothers are treated with ______
- Rh-negative
* anti-D IgG (RhoGAM injection)
Fetal Hb curve is shifted to the ____
left
Hydrops fetalis
- Accumulation of fluid, or edema, in two fetal compartments
- Prenatal heart failure
- Caused by heart defect, fetal anemia, alpha-thalassemia, maternal Graves disease, parvovirus B19, or maternal CMV
Decreased amniotic fluid
Oligohydramnios
Increased amniotic fluid
Polyhydramnios
____ are avoided in pregnant mothers because it can be nephrotoxic to the fetus, causing oligohydramnios
- NSAIDS (ibuprofen, etc.)
* ACE inhibitors
Gestational diabetes can cause _____ in the fetus due to hyperglycemia.
polyhydramnios
