LC Introduction to Magnetochemistry Flashcards
what is the symbol for magnetic field
H
what is magnetic force proportional to
p1*p2/r^2
how is magnetic force associated with pole strength
H=1/4pi * p/r^2
what is the magnetic constant
mu0 = 4pi x 10^-7
what values can quantum number n have
any integer
what values can quantum number l have
any integer up to (n-1)
what values can quantum number ml have
between l and -l
what does the principle quantum number represent
electron energy
what does orbital angular momentum quantum number represent
orbital angular momentum of electron
magnetic quantum number
allowed orientations
what is the formula for magnetic moment
u1=gamma L
what is gamma
gyromagnetic ratio
what does the gyromagetic ratio account for
charge and mass
what is the formula for magnitute of the magnetic moment
|u1| = root(l(l+1)uB)
what is a bohr magneton
elementary unit of orbital magnetic moment of an electron
what is the formula for spin angular momentum
us = gs gamma s
what does S equal in us = gs gamma s
spin angular momentum
what is the formula of themagnitude of the spin magnetic moment
|us| =gs root(s(s+1)) uB
define magnetisation
total magnetic moment by volume
what is the the formula for magnetic induction (B)
B=u0(H+M)
what are the SI units of H
Am-1
what are the SI units of B
T
M
Am-1
what is magnetic susceptibility
how responsive a material is to an applied magnetic field
what is the formula for magnetic suseptibility
X=M/H
what the 2 types magnetic suseptibility
diamagnetic and paramagnetic
what is diamagnetism
no unpaired e
what effects are caused by diamagnetism
negative susceptablity
responce seen in applied field
what is an application of diamagentism
magnetic levitation
when does paramagnetism occur
contains unpaired electrons
what effects are caused by paramagnetism
random allignment
weak attraction to magnetic field
paramagnet vs ideal gas
PV = nRT
HM proportional to T
what does curies law show and what is the formula
T dependence of magnetic susceptibility Xm=C/T
how can curies constant be determined
1/Xm = T/C C = 1/grad
how is effective magnetic moment related to C
ueff = 797.8 root(C) uB
what does the brillouin function
plot of M vs. H - plateaus at Msat
give some applications of paramagnets
change in entropy upon magnetisation
what is spin angular coupling
when orbital and spin angular momentum couple to form total angular momentum (J)
what is the effective magnetic moment equal to
ueff = gj root(J(J+1))uB
what is the formula for the lande g factor
gj = 3/2 + (S(S+1)-L(L+1)/2J(J+1)
what is the effective magnetic moment
total magnetic moment of all unpaired electrons
what is the saturated magnetic moment
in very large fields the splitting of energy states is so large that all magnetic moments reside in the lowest energy state
what is the formula of usat
usat = gjJuB
what is hunds rule
allowed J values = |L+S| ………….L+S
how to arrange electrons for term symbols
maximise S (try not to pair) maximise L
how to calculate J for term symbols
less than half = |L-S|
more than half = L+S
how is the term symbol letter determines
as the letter for L (s,p,d,f,g,h,l)
what energy levels does hunds rule account for
ground state only
why does hunds rule not work well for 3d
assumes spin orbit coupling is 2nd most important energy - ^oct has greater effect for 3d
- L = 0 for 3d
why is the spin only formula used for 3d applications of hunds rules
L=0 for 3d
what is the spin only formula for ueff
ueff = 2 root(S(S+1))uB
what is the spin only formula for usat
usat = 2SuB
when does orbital angular momentum occur
when an electron can move to another 90 degrees to its own
what are the term symbols for 3d metals
T = t2g not full or half full E = eg not full or half full A = t2g or eg full or half full
what is the relationship between magnetic moment and T
depends on T
how are ueff values calcuated for perovskites
root(ueff[A]^2 + ueff[B]^2)
