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Life Cycle > LC 3.7 - Male Sexual Function and Ageing > Flashcards

LC 3.7 - Male Sexual Function and Ageing Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the testes?

A

Produce spermatazoa for reproduction

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2
Q

What is the function of the corpora cavenosa?

A

Facilitates erection for sexual intercourse

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3
Q

What is the function of the seminal vesicles?

A

Produces seminal fluid

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4
Q

What is the function of the prostate gland?

A

Produces seminal fluid

Urethra flows through organ

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5
Q

Where is testosterone produced?

A

Leydig cells

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6
Q

Name five things testosterone does to the body?

A 
Increases spermatogenesis (locally)
Increases red blood cell formation
Increases muscle mass
Increases direct fat deposition
Increases hair growth in certain areas
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7
Q

What effect does ageing have on testosterone?

A

Levels decrease however as a person gets older testosterone is used in a ‘smarter’ way as bio-availability increases and tissue sensitivity increases

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8
Q

What hormone regulates the secretion of testosterone and where does it arise from?

A

LH

Anterior pituitary

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9
Q

How does the ‘andropause’ occur?

A

Apoptosis of leydig cells directly reduces testosterone

Hypothalamic-pituitary feedback loop is lost so decreased testosterone levels will not increase GnRH levels.

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10
Q

What seven effects does the ‘andropause’ have on men?

A 
Decreased sexual function
Mood changes
Fatigue and sleep disturbance
Increased fat deposition
Decreased muscle mass
Decreased bone mineral density (osteoporosis)
Decreased Hb (Anaemia)
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11
Q

What seven effects does the ‘andropause’ have on men?

A 
Decreased sexual function
Mood changes
Fatigue and sleep disturbance
Increased fat deposition
Decreased muscle mass
Decreased bone mineral density (osteoporosis)
Decreased Hb (Anaemia)
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12
Q

What effects does ageing have on fertility?

A

Most men - pregnancy rate unaffected

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13
Q

What effects does ageing have on fertility?

A

Most men - pregnancy rate unaffected

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14
Q

What effect does ageing have on prostate function?

A

Reduced secretion of seminal plasma
Reduced ejaculate volume - thinner/thicker seamen
Reduced force of ejaculation

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15
Q

What physical effect does ageing have on the prostate gland?

A 
Increases in size -
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (70% in 70 year olds)
Malignant cancer (3% in 70 year olds)
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16
Q

What physical effect does ageing have on the prostate gland?

A 
Increases in size -
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (70% in 70 year olds)
Malignant cancer (3% in 70 year olds)
17
Q

Name the stages of the sexual cycle?

A

Desire
Arousal
Orgasm
Resolution

18
Q

What effect does ageing have on sexual function?

A 
Decreased desire
Prolonged arousal (increased female satisfaction)
Decreased penile sensitivity
Decreased erectile rigidity
Decreased intensity of orgasm
Increased refractory period
19
Q

Define erectile dysfunction?

A

Persistent inability to initiate or sustain a penile erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual activity

20
Q

Define erectile dysfunction?

A

Persistent inability to initiate or sustain a penile erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual activity

21
Q

Name four common causes of erectile dysfunction?

A

Ageing
Psychological
Vascular problems (increased risk with age)
Diabetes (increased risk with age)

22
Q

Name four common causes of erectile dysfunction?

A

Ageing
Psychological
Vascular problems (increased risk with age)
Diabetes (increased risk with age)

23
Q

Describe the mechanism behind how erectile dysfunction occurs?

A

Decreased desire = Decreased nitric oxide (vasodilator) release
Failure of relaxation and dilatation of the sinusoids
Nerve damage
Accumulation of cell toxins
Blocked/narrowed arteries

24
Q

Describe five mechanisms behind how erectile dysfunction occurs?

A

Decreased desire = Decreased nitric oxide (vasodilator) release
Failure of relaxation and dilatation of the sinusoids
Nerve damage
Accumulation of cell toxins
Blocked/narrowed arteries

25
Q

Name three oral drug therapies that act as smooth muscle relaxants and name the drug family they belong to?

A

Sildenafil
Tadalafil
Verdenafil
Phosphodiesterase-5-inhibitors

26
Q

Name three oral drug therapies that act as smooth muscle relaxants for erectile dysfunction and name the drug family they belong to?

A

Sildenafil
Tadalafil
Verdenafil
Phosphodiesterase-5-inhibitors

27
Q

Name the intravascular drug injection that can help treat erectile dysfunction?

A

Prostaglandin E1

Life Cycle (6 decks)

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