Laws of Thermodynamics Flashcards
What does the first law of Thermodynamics state?
heat supplied is equal to the internal energy of the system + the work done
What is the formula for the first law of Thermodynamics?
ΔQ = ΔU + ΔW
What does the second law of Thermodynamics state?
No system is 100% efficient
When does Thermal Equilibrium occur?
Thermal Equilibrium occurs when there is no excess transfer of heat in the system
How does heat energy travel?
Heat energy will travel from a hotter region to a cooler region
What three ways can heat energy be transferred?
- Conduction
- Convection
- Radiation
What is Conduction?
Conduction is the transfer of heat from one point through direct contact.
What is Radiation?
Radiation is the transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves.
What is Convection?
Convection is the transfer of heat through a medium due to movement of the medium itself.
What are some things to note about Conduction?
- The medium through which the heat travels does not move.
- Heat travels as it moves from particle to particle in the body.
What are factors that can affect the rate at which heat travels by conduction?
Factors affecting the rate at which heat travels by conduction are:
* The type of material
* Cross-sectional area of the material
* The temperature difference between the hotter and cooler sections
What formula can be used to determine the rate of heat transfer when heat travels in only one direction?
Q / t = - kAΔT / L
