laws of natural conservation

Question 1

What is the main focus of natural resource conservation in the Philippines?

Answer 1

The main focus is on balancing economic development and environmental protection.

Question 2

What are the early indigenous practices of resource management in the Philippines based on?

Answer 2

Local customs, traditions, and spiritual beliefs.

Question 3

What concept did indigenous communities in the Philippines emphasize in their resource management?

Answer 3

Biodiversity preservation and land stewardship.

Question 4

What technique did indigenous peoples employ that was in harmony with the land?

Answer 4

Shifting cultivation (or ‘kaingin’).

Question 5

What was disrupted by the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century?

Answer 5

Traditional systems of resource management.

Question 6

What system did the Spanish impose for land ownership?

Answer 6

The encomienda system.

Question 7

What significant government agency was created in the Philippines during the American colonial period?

Answer 7

The Bureau of Forestry.

Question 8

What was the first national park established in the Philippines?

Answer 8

Mount Apo.

Question 9

What period is characterized by rapid industrialization and urbanization in the Philippines?

Answer 9

Post-independence era (1946–1970s).

Question 10

What did the Forest Law of 1916 allow for?

Answer 10

Establishment of forest reserves and restriction of logging in specific areas.

Question 11

What environmental movement began in the 1970s in the Philippines?

Answer 11

The formal environmental movement.

Question 12

What ministry was created during the Marcos Era to oversee natural resource management?

Answer 12

The Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR).

Question 13

What significant system was created in 1978 in the Philippines?

Answer 13

The Philippine Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) System.

Question 14

Which act established the National Integrated Protected Areas System?

Answer 14

Republic Act No. 7586 (NIPAS Act) of 1992.

Question 15

What does the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 (RA 9003) promote?

Answer 15

Waste reduction, recycling, and proper disposal practices.

Question 16

What does the Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act of 2001 (RA 9147) prohibit?

Answer 16

Hunting, trading, or possession of endangered wildlife species.

Question 17

What is the purpose of the Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999 (RA 8749)?

Answer 17

To improve air quality by reducing air pollution.

Question 18

What does the Fisheries Code of the Philippines (RA 8550) regulate?

Answer 18

The use, conservation, and management of the country’s fisheries.

Question 19

What rights does the Indigenous Peoples’ Rights Act (IPRA) of 1997 recognize?

Answer 19

The rights of indigenous peoples over their ancestral lands and natural resources.

Question 20

What is the focus of the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Act?

Answer 20

Promoting energy efficiency and conservation.

Question 21

What does the Organic Agriculture Act of 2010 promote?

Answer 21

The practice of organic farming.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: The _______ Act aims to establish a national system of protected areas managed for conservation.

Answer 22

NIPAS

Question 23

True or False: The Philippines has faced significant challenges related to environmental degradation despite legal advancements.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

What were some of the key environmental issues that became evident by the 1970s?

Answer 24

• Deforestation
• Soil erosion
• Pollution

Question 25

What is a major challenge to successful implementation of conservation laws in the Philippines?

Answer 25

Enforcement, corruption, and local community engagement.

Question 26

What is the purpose of Republic Act No. 10068?

Answer 26

Promotes the practice of organic farming, which is environmentally-friendly and conserves soil health ## Footnote Organic farming reduces chemical usage and preserves biodiversity

Question 27

What are the key provisions of Republic Act No. 10068?

Answer 27

Provides guidelines for organic farming, certification processes, promotes organic fertilizers and pest control methods ## Footnote These provisions aim to encourage sustainable agriculture

Question 28

What impact does Republic Act No. 10068 have on agriculture?

Answer 28

Encourages sustainable agriculture and helps reduce negative environmental impacts associated with conventional farming practices

Question 29

What is the purpose of Republic Act No. 9003?

Answer 29

Provides a systematic and integrated approach to biodiversity conservation by designating protected areas ## Footnote Aims to preserve important ecosystems

Question 30

What are the key provisions of the NIPAS Act?

Answer 30

Outlines management of protected areas and sets regulations for sustainable use and resource extraction ## Footnote Ensures the preservation of critical habitats

Question 31

What impact has the NIPAS Act had?

Answer 31

Helped in the designation of protected areas and implementation of sustainable management practices

Question 32

What is the purpose of Republic Act No. 10635?

Answer 32

Enhances the role of the Philippine Coast Guard in protecting marine resources and the environment

Question 33

What are the key provisions of Republic Act No. 10635?

Answer 33

Empowers the Coast Guard to prevent marine pollution, illegal fishing, and other harmful activities ## Footnote Aims to protect marine ecosystems

Question 34

What impact does Republic Act No. 10635 have on coastal areas?

Answer 34

Aids in protecting coastal areas, preventing overfishing and pollution, ensuring sustainable use of marine resources

Question 35

What is the purpose of Republic Act No. 11900?

Answer 35

Promotes responsible land use and sustainable management of land resources

Question 36

What are the key provisions of Republic Act No. 11900?

Answer 36

Sets guidelines for land use planning at national and local levels, ensuring sustainable development of agricultural, forest, and urban lands

Question 37

What impact does Republic Act No. 11900 have on land resources?

Answer 37

Ensures efficient and responsible use of land resources, promoting sustainable development and resource conservation

Question 38

True or False: The Philippines has enacted laws that reflect a commitment to environmental sustainability.

Answer 38

True

Question 39

What is a major challenge in the enforcement of environmental laws in the Philippines?

Answer 39

Continuous efforts are needed to ensure effective implementation

Question 40

Clean Air Act of 1999

Answer 40

RA 8749

Question 41

Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000

Answer 41

RA 9003

Question 42

UNFCCC

Answer 42

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

Question 43

This law aims to establish a national system of protected areas that is managed for the conservation of biological diversity and natural resources. It protects specific ecosystems, including national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and marine reserves.

Answer 43

Republic Act No. 7586 – National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) Act of 1992

Question 44

This law focuses on the management of solid waste in the Philippines, promoting waste reduction, recycling, and proper disposal practices to protect the environment.

Answer 44

Republic Act No. 9003 – Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000

Question 45

This law seeks to conserve the Philippines' wildlife and their habitats, especially endangered species.

Answer 45

Republic Act No. 9147 – Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act of 2001

Question 46

This law aims to improve air quality by reducing air pollution from various sources, such as industries, vehicles, and agricultural activities.

Answer 46

Republic Act No. 8749 – Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999

Question 47

Purpose: This law amends the original Fisheries Code of 1998 to promote sustainable fisheries management and protect marine resources.

Answer 47

Republic Act No. 10654 – Amendments to the Fisheries Code of 1998

Question 48

Republic Act No. 10654

Answer 48

Amendments to the Fisheries Code of 1998

Question 49

Purpose: This law integrates environmental conservation into disaster risk management by reducing the impact of natural disasters, which are often exacerbated by environmental degradation.

Answer 49

Republic Act No. 10121 – Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010

Question 50

This law regulates the use, conservation, and management of the country’s fisheries and aquatic resources.

Answer 50

Republic Act No. 8550 – The Fisheries Code of the Philippines (1998)

Question 51

This law recognizes the rights of indigenous peoples (IPs) over their ancestral lands and natural resources, which often include forests, rivers, and other vital ecosystems.

Answer 51

Republic Act No. 8371 – Indigenous Peoples' Rights Act (IPRA) of 1997

Question 53

This law promotes energy efficiency and conservation to reduce energy consumption and minimize the environmental impact of energy use.

Answer 53

Republic Act No. 11285 – Energy Efficiency and Conservation Act

Question 54

This law promotes the practice of organic farming, which is an environmentally-friendly method of agriculture that conserves soil health, reduces chemical usage, and preserves biodiversity.

Answer 54

Republic Act No. 10068 – Organic Agriculture Act of 2010

Question 55

This law enhances the role of the Philippine Coast Guard in protecting the country's marine resources and environment.

Answer 55

Republic Act No. 10635 – Philippine Coast Guard Law

Question 56

This law promotes the responsible use of land and the sustainable management of land resources in the country.

Answer 56

Republic Act No. 11900 – National Land Use Act

Question 57

Indigenous peoples employed techniques like shifting cultivation (or ) that was practiced in harmony with the land.

Answer 57

kaingin

Question 58

The Spanish imposed centralized land ownership through the encomienda system, granting large tracts of land to Spanish settlers and missionaries.

Answer 58

Spanish Colonial Period (1565– 1898

Question 59

The American colonization of the Philippines introduced more modern and scientific approaches to forest and resource management.

Answer 59

American Colonial Period (1898– 1946):

Question 60

The creation of government agencies such as the Bureau of Forestry in 1901 marked the start of formal environmental

Answer 60

American Colonial Period (1898– 1946):

Question 61

After the Philippines gained independence from the United States, the focus on natural resource conservation continued to evolve.

Answer 61

Post-Independence Era (1946– 1970s)

Question 62

allowed for the establishment of forest reserves and restricted logging in specific areas.

Answer 62

The Forest Law of 1916 (Republic Act No. 387)

Question 63

paved the way for the creation of national parks and protected areas.

Answer 63

The National Parks Law of 1932 (Republic Act No. 483)

Question 64

The 1990s marked a significant shift in environmental consciousness. The Philippines was a founding member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), which became involved in transboundary environmental issues.

Answer 64

The 1990s – Environmental Awareness and Legislation:

Question 65

The modern era saw the Philippines take a more proactive approach to natural resource conservation, driven by both domestic and international awareness of environmental issues.

Answer 65

Modern Conservation Movement (1990s– Present)

Question 66

Before the arrival of foreign colonizers, indigenous communities in the Philippines practiced sustainable resource management based on local customs, traditions, and spiritual beliefs.

Answer 66

Early Indigenous Practices (Pre-colonial to Spanish Period)