Laws and equations

Question 2

What is Boyle’s law?

Answer 2

V ∝ 1/P with constant temperature

Boyle’s law describes the inverse relationship between the volume and pressure of a gas at constant temperature.

Question 3

What does Charles’s law state?

Answer 3

V ∝ T with constant pressure

Charles’s law indicates that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature at constant pressure.

Question 4

What is Avogadro’s law?

Answer 4

V ∝ n with constant temperature

Avogadro’s law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas at constant temperature.

Question 5

What does Graham’s law explain?

Answer 5

At constant temperature and pressure, the rate of diffusion is inversely proportional to square roots of its densities and molecular masses

Graham’s law can be expressed as r ∝ 1/√d or r ∝ 1/√M.

Question 6

What is the equation for Graham’s law?

Answer 6

r ∝ 1/√d (or) r ∝ 1/√M

This law helps in understanding the diffusion rates of different gases based on their molecular weights.

Question 7

What is Dalton’s law of partial pressures?

Answer 7

At a given temperature, the total pressure exerted by the non-reacting gaseous mixture equals the sum of the partial pressures of the component gases

Dalton’s law can be expressed as P = P1 + P2 + P3 + …

Question 8

Define partial pressure.

Answer 8

The pressure exerted by a gas when it alone occupies the total volume of the gaseous mixture

Partial pressure is a key concept in understanding gas mixtures.

Question 9

What is the ideal gas equation?

Answer 9

PV = nRT

This equation relates the pressure, volume, number of moles, gas constant, and temperature of an ideal gas.

Question 10

What is the kinetic gas equation?

Answer 10

PV = ⅓ mnc²

The kinetic gas equation connects the physical properties of gases with their molecular motion.