Laws

Question 1

Sherman Antitrust Act

Answer 1

Limit the use of wage surveys between two or more competitors as a form of salary-fixing.

First US government action to limit monopolies

Oldest of all US Antitrust laws.

The act’s purpose is to protect consumers by encouraging efficient business practices, keeping prices low, and maintaining quality.

Prevent monopolies from growing

Question 2

What does Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibit?

Answer 2

Discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin

Applies to employers with 15 or more employees

Question 3

What types of discrimination does Title VII address?

Answer 3

Intentional discrimination and practices with a disparate impact

Disparate impact refers to unintentional discrimination, while disparate treatment refers to intentional discrimination

Question 4

What significant amendment was made to the Civil Rights Act in 1991?

Answer 4

Provided for the right to trial by jury on claims of discrimination

Introduced the possibility of additional emotional distress damage awards

Question 5

Give an example of how Title VII can be applied in the workplace.

Answer 5

Setting minimum height and weight requirements that disproportionately impact women

Employers may face charges of sex bias under Title VII

Question 6

What does the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA) prohibit?

Answer 6

Arbitrary age discrimination against employees or applicants aged 40 and older

Amendments abolished mandatory retirement and require full contributions to retirement plans

Question 7

What does the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 amend?

Answer 7

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

Bars discrimination based on pregnancy-related medical conditions

Question 8

How must temporary disabilities due to childbirth and pregnancy be treated according to the Pregnancy Discrimination Act?

Answer 8

The same as any other temporary disability

Insurance coverage must be equivalent to other medical conditions

Question 9

Fill in the blank: The Pregnancy Discrimination Act requires that if temporary leave is provided for other illnesses, the same must be granted to women for _______.

Answer 9

pregnancy-related disabilities

Question 10

True or False: The ADEA allows for mandatory retirement of employees of any age.

Answer 10

False

The ADEA abolished mandatory retirement

Question 11

What does the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) require from employers?

Answer 11

Employers with at least 50 employees within a 75-mile radius must provide up to 12 workweeks of unpaid leave for certain events during a 12-month period.

See chapter three for more information on FMLA.

Question 12

What did the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 pre-date?

Answer 12

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).

Question 13

To whom did the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 apply?

Answer 13

Employers with federal contracts worth more than $25,000 or those receiving government financial assistance.

Question 14

What does the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 prohibit?

Answer 14

Discrimination against handicapped individuals and requires affirmative action for employment opportunities.

Question 15

What is required of federal contractors with contracts over $10,000 under the Rehabilitation Act?

Answer 15

They must take affirmative action in the employment and advancement of qualified persons with disabilities.

Question 16

What is the threshold for contractors to have written affirmative action plans under the Rehabilitation Act?

Answer 16

Contractors with 50 or more employees and contracts of $50,000 or more.

Question 17

What does the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) prohibit?

Answer 17

Discrimination in employment based on a person’s disability.

Question 18

What additional requirement does the ADA impose on public services?

Answer 18

Goods and services offered to the public must be made accessible to everyone.

Question 19

What must employers do under the ADA for individuals with disabilities?

Answer 19

Make reasonable accommodations unless it causes undue hardship.

Question 20

True or False: The ADA requires employers to prioritize the recruitment of individuals with disabilities over other qualified applicants.

Answer 20

False.

Question 21

What significant change did the Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments Act (ADAAA) make in 2008?

Answer 21

It broadened the coverage of the ADA.

Question 22

What was Congress’s reaction to Supreme Court rulings regarding the ADA?

Answer 22

Congress disagreed with rulings that limited the definition of disability.

Question 23

Which conditions are now considered for reasonable accommodations under the ADAAA?

Answer 23

• Amputation
• Intellectual disabilities
• Epilepsy
• Multiple sclerosis
• HIV/AIDS
• Diabetes
• Muscular dystrophy
• Cancer

Question 24

What does the ADAAA make easier for individuals seeking protection under the ADA?

Answer 24

To establish that they have a disability within the meaning of the statute.

Question 25

What does the Vietnam-era Veterans Readjustment Assistance Act of 1974 (VEVRAA) require from federal contractors?

Answer 25

To take affirmative action to hire and promote veterans and disabled veterans.

Question 26

What is required of federal contractors with 50 or more employees and contracts of $50,000 or more under VEVRAA?

Answer 26

To prepare written affirmative action plans for hiring and promoting veterans.

Question 27

What are the 3 goals of the Workforce Investment Act(WIA)?

Answer 27

1. Improve workforce quality 2. Enhance national productivity & competitive ability 3. Reduce reliance on welfare

Question 28

What was the purpose of Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA)?

Answer 28

Assist workers who lose their jobs as a result of increase in imported goods