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AICP > Laws > Flashcards

Laws Flashcards

1
Q

Standard State Zoning Enabling Act (SZEA)

A

1926 - zoning regulations must be in conformance with a comprehensive plan

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2
Q

Standard City Planning Enabling Act (SCPEA)

A

1928 - avoided defining the comprehensive plan but gives examples of the subject matter

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3
Q

Federal-Aid Highway Acts

A

provide federal subsidies to road-building efforts

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4
Q

National Interstate and Defense Highway Acts

A

1956
largest public works project at the time
construction of 41,000 miles of Interstate Highway System
allocated funds from automobile sales for road construction

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5
Q

Surface Transportation Assistance Act

A

1982
comprehensive transportation funding and policy act
increased gas tax for the first time since the 1961

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6
Q

Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act

A

1991
Overall intermodal approach to highway and transit funding with collaborative planning requirements
gave significant additional powers to MPOs

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7
Q

National Highway System Designation Act

A

1995

designate about 161,000 miles of roads as the National Highway System

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8
Q

Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century

A

1998

authorized funds highways, highway safety programs, and transit programs

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9
Q

Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU)

A

2005
authorized funds
the primary source of funding for other modes of surface transportation

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10
Q

Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21)

A

2012
authorized funds
did not increase user fees

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11
Q

Fixing America’s Surface Transportation Act (2015)

A

2015
authorized funds
did not increase user fees
allowed local planners to determine street design standards for federally funded projects

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12
Q

Telecommunications Act

A

1996
ensure universal service
FCC and the states implement the law
preempts local regulation of cell towers

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13
Q

Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act

A

1988
Authorized FEMA to respond to disaster
Encouraged states and localities to develop comprehensive disaster preparedness plans

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14
Q

Disaster Mitigation Act

A

2000
Requires local governments to prepare and adopt hazard mitigation plans
focuses on prevention

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15
Q

Clean Water Act

A

1972

Anyone who wants to discharge pollutants into a body of water must have a permit

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16
Q

Clean Air Act

A

1963

Standards for concentrations of certain pollutants in outdoor air

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17
Q

Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards

A

1975

Standards to improve the average fuel economy of cards and light trucks produced for sale in the US

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18
Q

National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)

A

1969
requires the preparation of an EIS for all major federal actions that may significantly affect the quality of the environment

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19
Q

Rivers and Harbors Act

A

1899
prohibits the construction of any bridge, dam, dike, etc over a navigable waterway in the US without Congressional approval

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20
Q

Water Pollution Control Act

A

1948
allows the Surgeon General to prepare a program for eliminating or reducing the pollution of interstate waters and tributaries
allowed the Federal Works Administrator to assist government agencies in constructing treatment plans

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21
Q

Water Quality Act

A

1965
establishing the Water Pollution Control Administration within the Dept of Interior
First time water was treated as an environmental concern rather than public health

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22
Q

Coastal Zone Management Act

A

1972

focused efforts to reduce polluted runoff in 29 coastal states

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23
Q

Federal Water Pollution Control Act

A

1972
amended the Water Pollutant Act of 1948
broadened government authority over water pollution

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24
Q

Endangered Species Act

A

1973

provides protection of animal and plant species that the USFWS designates as threatened or endangered

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25
Q

Public Utility Regulatory Policy Act (PURPA)

A

1978

promotes alternative energy sources, energy efficiency, and reduced dependency on foreign oiil

26
Q

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)

A

1980

created a $1.6 billion Superfund to clean up abandoned hazardous waste sites

27
Q

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)

A

1976

provided EPA with the ability to control hazardous waste from cradle-to-grave

28
Q

Toxic Substances Control Act

A

1976
provided EPA with responsibility for reporting, record-keeping, and testing requirements, and restrictions relating to chemical substances and/or mixtures

29
Q

Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)

A

1947

established procedures for registering pesticides with the US Dept of Ag

30
Q

Safe Drinking Water Act

A

1974

protects both the sources of drinking water and the end product

31
Q

Air Installation Compatible Use Zone Program

A

1992

promote development compatible with military flight operations

32
Q

Community Reinvestment Act

A

1977

reducing effects of redlining and encouraging banks to meet the needs of all members of the community

33
Q

Community Renewal Tax Relief Act

A

2000
tax incentives for businesses to locate and hire residents in urban and rural areas that have not experienced recent economic expansion

34
Q

Tenement House Act of 1867

A

first major housing code in the US

required all rooms within tenements to have windows but it did not require windows to open to the outside

35
Q

Tenement House Act of 1879

A

required that windows open to outside air, which resulted in the dumbbell tenement housing type with open air shafts

36
Q

Tenement House Law of 1901

A

required inspection and permits for construction and alterations, wide light and air areas between buildings, toilets and running water in each apartment unit

37
Q

National Housing Act (1934)

A

established the Federal Housing Administration with the purpose of insuring home mortgages
created Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
part of the New Deal
stimulated single-family home ownership

38
Q

US/National Housing Act (1937)

A

provided $500 million in home loans for development of low-cost housing
tied slum clearance to public housing
Section 8 authorized project-based rental assistance
Created the US Housing authority to construct public housing (1947)

39
Q

Servicemen’s Readjustment Act (GI Bill) 1944

A

guaranteed home loans to veterans

resulted in rapid development of suburbs

40
Q

Housing Act of 1949

A

first comprehensive housing legislation passed in the US
called for the construction of 800,000 new housing units
federal financing of slum clearance
increased FHA mortgage insurance program

41
Q

Housing Act of 1954

A

provided funding for planning cities under 25,000
701 program provided federal planning assistance to local government, which stimulated the production of comprehensive plans

42
Q

Housing Act of 1959

A

Made federal matching funds available for comprehensive planning at the metro, regional, state, and interstate levels

43
Q

Housing Act of 1961

A

provided interest subsidies to nonprofit orgs, limited-dividend corps, cooperatives, and public agencies for the construction of public housing projects

44
Q

Housing and Urban Development Act of 1965

A

Created HUD

45
Q

Demonstration Cities and Metropolitan Development Act (1966)

A

launch of the model cities program
provided incentives for coordinated metro area planning for open spaces, water supply, sewage disposal, and mass transit
established a loan guarantee program to encourage the development of new communities

46
Q

Civil Rights Act of 1968

A

Includes the Fair Housing Act which was an expansion of previous acts to prohibit discrimination concerning the sale, rental, financing of housing based on race, religion, national origin

47
Q

Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968

A

provided for the construction of six million subsidized housing units
also authorized monthly subsidies for private homes for low-income families

48
Q

National Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Act of 1974

A

regulated manufactured housing units for the first time

49
Q

House Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1975

A

Requires financial institutions to report mortgage data to the public

50
Q

National Affordable Housing Act of 1990

A

created the HOME program, which provides funds for housing rehabilitation

51
Q

Antiquities Act of 1906

A

established that archeological sites on public lands are public resources and obligated federal agencies to preserve sites for future generations

52
Q

Organics Act of 1916

A

established the National Park Service to manage national parks and national monuments

53
Q

Historic Sites Act of 1935

A

sought to organize federally owned parks, monuments and historic sites under the National Park Service
declared a national policy to preserve historic sites, buildings, and objects of national importance for public use

54
Q

Wilderness Act of 1964

A

created the National Wilderness Preservation System
defined wilderness as an area of undeveloped Federal land retailing its primeval character and influence without permanent improvements or human habitation

55
Q

National Wild and Scenic River Act of 1968

A

preserve rivers with outstanding natural, cultural and recreational values in afree-flowing condition for the enjoyment of current and future generations

56
Q

Indian Reorganization Act 1934 (aka Wheeler-Howard Act)

A

Allowed Native Americans to adopt a constitution and organize for their common welfare

57
Q

Land Ordinance of 1785

A

Provided for the rectangular land survey of the old Northwest

58
Q

Homestead Act of 1862

A

Provided 160 acres of land to settlers for a fee of $18 and a guarantee of five years residence

59
Q

General Land Law Revision Act 1891

A

power to create forest preserves by proclamation

60
Q

Forest Management Act 1897

A

allowed the Secretary of Interior to manage forest preserves

61
Q

Homeowners Refinancing Act (aka Home Owners’ Loan Act) 1933

A

created Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC)

AICP (3 decks)

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