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Laws Flashcards

1
Q

Standard State Zoning Enabling Act (SZEA)

A

1926 - zoning regulations must be in conformance with a comprehensive plan

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2
Q

Standard City Planning Enabling Act (SCPEA)

A

1928 - avoided defining the comprehensive plan but gives examples of the subject matter

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3
Q

Federal-Aid Highway Acts

A

provide federal subsidies to road-building efforts

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4
Q

National Interstate and Defense Highway Acts

A

1956
largest public works project at the time
construction of 41,000 miles of Interstate Highway System
allocated funds from automobile sales for road construction

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5
Q

Surface Transportation Assistance Act

A

1982
comprehensive transportation funding and policy act
increased gas tax for the first time since the 1961

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6
Q

Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act

A

1991
Overall intermodal approach to highway and transit funding with collaborative planning requirements
gave significant additional powers to MPOs

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7
Q

National Highway System Designation Act

A

1995

designate about 161,000 miles of roads as the National Highway System

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8
Q

Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century

A

1998

authorized funds highways, highway safety programs, and transit programs

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9
Q

Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU)

A

2005
authorized funds
the primary source of funding for other modes of surface transportation

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10
Q

Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21)

A

2012
authorized funds
did not increase user fees

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11
Q

Fixing America’s Surface Transportation Act (2015)

A

2015
authorized funds
did not increase user fees
allowed local planners to determine street design standards for federally funded projects

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12
Q

Telecommunications Act

A

1996
ensure universal service
FCC and the states implement the law
preempts local regulation of cell towers

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13
Q

Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act

A

1988
Authorized FEMA to respond to disaster
Encouraged states and localities to develop comprehensive disaster preparedness plans

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14
Q

Disaster Mitigation Act

A

2000
Requires local governments to prepare and adopt hazard mitigation plans
focuses on prevention

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15
Q

Clean Water Act

A

1972

Anyone who wants to discharge pollutants into a body of water must have a permit

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16
Q

Clean Air Act

A

1963

Standards for concentrations of certain pollutants in outdoor air

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17
Q

Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards

A

1975

Standards to improve the average fuel economy of cards and light trucks produced for sale in the US

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18
Q

National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)

A

1969
requires the preparation of an EIS for all major federal actions that may significantly affect the quality of the environment

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19
Q

Rivers and Harbors Act

A

1899
prohibits the construction of any bridge, dam, dike, etc over a navigable waterway in the US without Congressional approval

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20
Q

Water Pollution Control Act

A

1948
allows the Surgeon General to prepare a program for eliminating or reducing the pollution of interstate waters and tributaries
allowed the Federal Works Administrator to assist government agencies in constructing treatment plans

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21
Q

Water Quality Act

A

1965
establishing the Water Pollution Control Administration within the Dept of Interior
First time water was treated as an environmental concern rather than public health

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22
Q

Coastal Zone Management Act

A

1972

focused efforts to reduce polluted runoff in 29 coastal states

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23
Q

Federal Water Pollution Control Act

A

1972
amended the Water Pollutant Act of 1948
broadened government authority over water pollution

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24
Q

Endangered Species Act

A

1973

provides protection of animal and plant species that the USFWS designates as threatened or endangered

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25
Public Utility Regulatory Policy Act (PURPA)
1978 | promotes alternative energy sources, energy efficiency, and reduced dependency on foreign oiil
26
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)
1980 | created a $1.6 billion Superfund to clean up abandoned hazardous waste sites
27
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
1976 | provided EPA with the ability to control hazardous waste from cradle-to-grave
28
Toxic Substances Control Act
1976 provided EPA with responsibility for reporting, record-keeping, and testing requirements, and restrictions relating to chemical substances and/or mixtures
29
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)
1947 | established procedures for registering pesticides with the US Dept of Ag
30
Safe Drinking Water Act
1974 | protects both the sources of drinking water and the end product
31
Air Installation Compatible Use Zone Program
1992 | promote development compatible with military flight operations
32
Community Reinvestment Act
1977 | reducing effects of redlining and encouraging banks to meet the needs of all members of the community
33
Community Renewal Tax Relief Act
2000 tax incentives for businesses to locate and hire residents in urban and rural areas that have not experienced recent economic expansion
34
Tenement House Act of 1867
first major housing code in the US | required all rooms within tenements to have windows but it did not require windows to open to the outside
35
Tenement House Act of 1879
required that windows open to outside air, which resulted in the dumbbell tenement housing type with open air shafts
36
Tenement House Law of 1901
required inspection and permits for construction and alterations, wide light and air areas between buildings, toilets and running water in each apartment unit
37
National Housing Act (1934)
established the Federal Housing Administration with the purpose of insuring home mortgages created Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation (FDIC) part of the New Deal stimulated single-family home ownership
38
US/National Housing Act (1937)
provided $500 million in home loans for development of low-cost housing tied slum clearance to public housing Section 8 authorized project-based rental assistance Created the US Housing authority to construct public housing (1947)
39
Servicemen's Readjustment Act (GI Bill) 1944
guaranteed home loans to veterans | resulted in rapid development of suburbs
40
Housing Act of 1949
first comprehensive housing legislation passed in the US called for the construction of 800,000 new housing units federal financing of slum clearance increased FHA mortgage insurance program
41
Housing Act of 1954
provided funding for planning cities under 25,000 701 program provided federal planning assistance to local government, which stimulated the production of comprehensive plans
42
Housing Act of 1959
Made federal matching funds available for comprehensive planning at the metro, regional, state, and interstate levels
43
Housing Act of 1961
provided interest subsidies to nonprofit orgs, limited-dividend corps, cooperatives, and public agencies for the construction of public housing projects
44
Housing and Urban Development Act of 1965
Created HUD
45
Demonstration Cities and Metropolitan Development Act (1966)
launch of the model cities program provided incentives for coordinated metro area planning for open spaces, water supply, sewage disposal, and mass transit established a loan guarantee program to encourage the development of new communities
46
Civil Rights Act of 1968
Includes the Fair Housing Act which was an expansion of previous acts to prohibit discrimination concerning the sale, rental, financing of housing based on race, religion, national origin
47
Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968
provided for the construction of six million subsidized housing units also authorized monthly subsidies for private homes for low-income families
48
National Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Act of 1974
regulated manufactured housing units for the first time
49
House Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1975
Requires financial institutions to report mortgage data to the public
50
National Affordable Housing Act of 1990
created the HOME program, which provides funds for housing rehabilitation
51
Antiquities Act of 1906
established that archeological sites on public lands are public resources and obligated federal agencies to preserve sites for future generations
52
Organics Act of 1916
established the National Park Service to manage national parks and national monuments
53
Historic Sites Act of 1935
sought to organize federally owned parks, monuments and historic sites under the National Park Service declared a national policy to preserve historic sites, buildings, and objects of national importance for public use
54
Wilderness Act of 1964
created the National Wilderness Preservation System defined wilderness as an area of undeveloped Federal land retailing its primeval character and influence without permanent improvements or human habitation
55
National Wild and Scenic River Act of 1968
preserve rivers with outstanding natural, cultural and recreational values in a free-flowing condition for the enjoyment of current and future generations
56
Indian Reorganization Act 1934 (aka Wheeler-Howard Act)
Allowed Native Americans to adopt a constitution and organize for their common welfare
57
Land Ordinance of 1785
Provided for the rectangular land survey of the old Northwest
58
Homestead Act of 1862
Provided 160 acres of land to settlers for a fee of $18 and a guarantee of five years residence
59
General Land Law Revision Act 1891
power to create forest preserves by proclamation
60
Forest Management Act 1897
allowed the Secretary of Interior to manage forest preserves
61
Homeowners Refinancing Act (aka Home Owners' Loan Act) 1933
created Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC)

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