Law's Flashcards
What is Boyle’s law?
For a fixed mass of gas, at constant temperature and pressure, the pressure is inversely proportional to the volume. P ∝ 1/V
What is Charles’ law?
For a fixed mass of gas, at a constant temperature and pressure, the volume is directly proportional to the temperature (in kelvin). V ∝ T (in K) x K - the constant
Coulombs law?
Any two point charges exert an electrostatic force on each other - it is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of their separation
Faradays law?
The magnitude of the induced EMF is directly proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux
Hookes law?
The force applied is directly proportional to the extension of the spring unless the limit of proportionality is exceeded
Archimedes principle?
The upthrust exerted on a body immersed in a fluid (fully or partially), is equal to the weight of the fluid that the body displaces
The seven base units?
metre, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, mole
Factor for P?
x10^15
Factor for T?
x10^12
Factor for G?
x10^9
Factor for M?
x10^6
Factor for k?
x10^3
Factor for d?
x10^-1
Factor for c?
x10^-2
Factor for m?
x10^-3
Factor for weird u/micro?
x10^-6
Factor for n?
x10^-9
Factor for p?
x10^-12
Factor for f?
x10^-15
Force in SI units?
kgms^-2
Pressure regular symbol and then SI?
Pa and Nm^-2
Energy or work done symbol and then SI?
J and Nm
What equation relates energy and power?
Power = Energy/time
Symbol for power and SI unit?
W and Js^-1
Frequency SI units?
s^-1
Momentum SI units?
kgms^-1
How to go from degrees to kelvin?
+273
Blue shifted?
If a galaxy is moving towards earth, absorption lines move towards the blue end of the spectrum (as wavelength appears shorter - compressed), red shift is the opposite
Hubbles law?
The recessional speed (v) of a galaxy is almost directly proportional to its distance from earth (d) - V = humbles constant x d
Newton’s law of gravitation?
The force between two point masses is directly proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of their separation
Kepler’s 1st law?
The orbit of a planet is an ellipse with the sun at one of the two foci
Kepler’s 2nd law?
A line segment joining a planet and the sun sweeps out equal areas during equal intervals time
Kepler’s 3rd law?
The square of the orbital period T of a planet is directly proportional to the cube of its average distance r from the sun
What makes an orbit geostationary?
Has to orbit above the earths equator
have an orbital period of 24 hours
rotate in same direction as earths rotation
Cosmological principle?
That the universe is homogenous and isotropic
Homogenous?
Matter is distributed uniformly across the universe
Isotropic?
It looks the same in all directions
