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Samhäll > Law & Justice vocab > Flashcards

Law & Justice vocab Flashcards

1
Q

recidivism

A

a tendency to relapse

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2
Q

legal certainty

A

everyone is equal before the law, clear legislation, clear judiciary, police works for the public good.

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3
Q

legislation

A

preparing and enacting of laws

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4
Q

public law

A

how the state power is structured, what it is allowed to do, our rights as individual citizens. Includes criminal, procedural, administrative law

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5
Q

Civil law

A

laws and regulations that apply between individual private legal subjects. Includes contract, family, succession law

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6
Q

Criminal law

A

criminal acts and their punishments.

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7
Q

criminal act in criminal law

A

deed

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8
Q

perpetrator

A

a person who comited a crime

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9
Q

prosecutor

A

a legal official who acuses a person of commiting a crime

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10
Q

preliminary investigation

A

criminal investigation, finding evidence.

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11
Q

police state

A

the police and military have unlimited power, common in dictatorships

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12
Q

convicted

A

a formal declaration by the decision of a judge that someone is guilty

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13
Q

criminal sanction

A

punishment

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14
Q

fines

A

paying a sum of money to the Swedish state

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15
Q

imprisonment

A

the convicted is deprived of his liberty and locked up in a correctional institution

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16
Q

life imprisonment

A

longest form of prison sentence in Sweden

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17
Q

conditional sentence

A

is the perpetrator is not likely to relapse, he may work for the community for free and pay a fine instead

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18
Q

probation

A

the monitoring of a likely perpetrator, who must have contact and meet with an authority figure on several ocasions

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19
Q

special care for young people

A

a young perpetrator is placed in a family home and is allowed to go to therapy. If the crime is serious, he may be placed in a youth home

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20
Q

special care for mentally ill

A

not sentenced to prison but instead recieve forsenic psychiatric care

21
Q

The general courts

A

rule in both civil cases or criminal cases. Inculdes the district court, the Court of Appeal, the Supreme Court

22
Q

The administrative courts

A

rule in disputes between individuals and the state. Includes the administrative court, the court of appeals, Supreme Administrative Court

23
Q

The special courts

A

cover special areas of law. Such as the Labour Court

24
Q

instances

A

what the courts are divided into

25
Q

lawsuit

A

a problem taken to a law court in order to recieve a legal decision

26
Q

summon

A

document issued by the court ordering a specific person to show up at a specific time

27
Q

plaintiff

A

the person affected by the crime

28
Q

the defendant

A

an individual acused in a court of law

29
Q

public defender

A

if the sanction is other than a fine, the state appoints a public defender to prosecute the defendant’s case

30
Q

private defender

A

the defendant can choose to be assisted by a private defender which you must pay for yourself

31
Q

legal judge

A

the president of the court

32
Q

jurors

A

help the legal judge

33
Q

acquitted

A

the court deciding that someone is not gulity of a crime

34
Q

evolutional criminological theory

A

violence was a part of our evolution, vital for survival

35
Q

selectivity theories

A

includes the theory of self control, biosocial theories, behavioral genetics

36
Q

theory of self control

A

those who are bad at controling their impulses are more prone to commiting crimes

37
Q

the biosocial theories

A

an agressive person may only become a criminal if their social environment and upbringing are unsafe

38
Q

behavioral genetics

A

some people commit crimes because of their genetics

39
Q

theory of social pressure

A

people may be pressured into getting money in order to follow certain trends or to be financially stable.

40
Q

the learning theory

A

a person may have negative influences form their friends, family or various social groups

41
Q

the labeling theory

A

even after finishing your sentence, people may forever label you as a criminal which leads to relapse

42
Q

visible crime

A

reported crimes which can be read in the statistics

43
Q

hidden crime

A

all crimes that are not reported

44
Q

crime victim help desk

A

offers support in various ways to the victims of a crime

45
Q

The correctional service

A

a state authority responsible for custody, institutions, probations

46
Q

custody

A

a place for temporary detention

47
Q

institution

A

prison

48
Q

to be detained

A

to be temporarily deprived of liberty in order to not destroy evidence or run away

49
Q

parole

A

after the convict serves two thirds of their prison sentence they may be released from prison but follow certain rules.

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