Law 12 Chapter 2 Vocabulary terms Flashcards
Administrative Law
Textbook Response: “Administrative law refers to the many government departments, boards, and tribunals that play a role in regulating the relationship between people and government agencies.”
Bylaws
Textbook Response: Regulations which deal with the local issues. Bylaws enforce things like how high a backyard fence should be, who should clear the snow from the sidewalk, or how often the garbage should be collected.
Civil/Private Law
Textbook Response: This type of law covers all the areas of law that deal with legal relationships between individuals and between individuals and organizations (excluding the government)
Constitutional Law
Textbook Response: The document that determines the structure of the federal government and divides law - making powers between the federal and provincial governments. Constitutional law is at the top of the pyramid in order of importance of the law, as it overrides all other laws.
Contract Law
Textbook Response: This law deals with everyday transactions in which people purchase or provide goods and services. If people are satisfied with their puchases or the level of service provided, and pay what is owed, disputes do not arise. However, if one party fails to uphold the terms of the agreement, the other may seek the court’s assistance to have the terms enforced.
Criminal Law
Textbook Response: Criminal law prohibits and punishes behaviour that causes harm to others, such as murder, robbery, or assault.
Distinguishing a Case?
Textbook Response: Identifying a case as being sufficiently different from previous cases as to warrant a different decision.
Statute Law
Textbook Response: Laws that are passed be elected representitives in the form of acts. Acts become law when they pass through a formal procedure in Parliament or provincial legislatures.
Domestic Law
Textbook Response: Law made and enforced within a nation’s borders is known as Domestic Law.
International Law
Textbook Response: The body of law that governs the legal relations between or among states or nations.
Jurisdiction
Textbook Response: The political or legal authority to pass and enforce laws, or the judicial authority to decide a case.
Procedural Law
Textbook Response: The body of law that prescribes formal steps to be taken in enforcing legal rights.
Property Law
Textbook Response: Property law regulates ownership rights in all property, including the ownership and transfer of real estate.
Public Law
Textbook Response: Public Law regulates the relationship between the government and its citizens.
Statute Law
Textbook Response: A law or act passed by the government.
Substantive Law
Textbook Response: This defines the rights, duties, and obligations of citizens and the levels of governments.
Tort Law
Textbook Response: The branch of civil law that holds persons or private organizations responsible for damage they cause another person as a result of accidental or deliberate action.
Adversarial System
Textbook Response: The Judicial process whereby evidence is presented by two opposing parties to an impartial judge or jury.
Assizes
Textbook Response: Travelling courts
Case law / Common law
Textbook Response/ passage which is very helpful with this concept: Over time, the judges began to notice similarities among various legal problems. Eventually they agreed that similar cases should be decided in the same way, so they began to record both their cases and their decisions. These records helped to establish a common method of dealing with similar legal issues.
Circuit judges
Judges of travelling courts.
Code of Hammurabi
One of the earliest-known sets of recorded laws, written by King Hammurabi of Babylon.
Code of Li k’vei
A set of Chinese laws written around 350 BCE
Codified
Arranged and recorded systematically.
