Latin Roots/Prefixes/Suffixes (Verbal General) Flashcards
A-
*on
Afire—on fire
Ashore—on the shore
Ab-
*from, away, off
Abduct—carry away from
Abnormal—away from normal
Aside—on the side
A-
*to, toward, near
Accelerate—to increase the speed of
Accessible—easily entered, approached, or obtained
Act
*do
Interaction—communication between two or more things
Act-
*do
Activity—something that a person does
Agr-
*farming
Agriculture—management of the land
Alg
*pain
Neuralgia—pain caused by a nerve
Nostalgia—aching for the familiar
Analgesic—drug that relieves pain
Ambi-, amphi
*both, on both sides
Ambiguous—having more than one meaning
Amphibian—any of a group of cold-blooded vertebrate animals (frogs, toads) that have gills and live in water as larvae but breathe air as adults
Ambul-
*walk, move
Ambulance—a vehicle that moves a patient
Ambulant—walking or moving around
Ami-, amo-
*love
Amiable—friendly
Amorous—showing romantic love
Anim
*life, spirit
Equanimity—of balanced spirit
anim-
*life, spirit
Animal—a living organism
Animate—to make alive
Ann-
*year
Anniversary—a date observed once a year
Ante-
*before, in front
Anteroom—a small room before the main room
Aqu-
*water
Aquarium—a water container for fish
Aqueduct—a pipeline for water
Arbor-
*tree
Arborist—someone working with trees
Arbor—a shady area formed by trees
Art-
*skill
Artifact—object made by a person’s skill
Artisan—a person skilled in a craft
Aud-
*hear
Audible—loud enough to be heard
Audience—people who listen to a program
Avi-
*bird
Aviary—a large enclosure for birds
Aviator—pilot
Bel
*war
Rebel—person who opposes or fights
Bell-
*war
Bellicose—warlike
Belligerent—hostile
Bene-
*good, well
Beneficial—producing a good effect
Benevolent—showing kindness or goodwill
Bi-
*two, twice, once every two
Biannual—happening every 2 years
Bilateral—of or involving 2 sides
Burs
*pouch, purse
Disburse—to expend especially from a public fund
Burs-
*pouch, purse
Bursar—an administrative officer in charge of funds
Calc-
*stone
Calcification—the hardening of tissue or other material as a result of a calcium buildup
Cand
*glowing, incandescent
Incandescent—white, glowing, or luminous
Cand-
*glowing, incandescent
Candid—free from bias
Candle—something that gives light
Capt-
*take, hold
Captivating—taking hold of
Carn-
*flesh, meat
Carnivorous—flesh-eating animal
Carnal—pertaining to the body or flesh
Cede, ceed, cess
*go, yield
Exceed—to go beyond the limits
Recede—to go back
Celer
*fast
Accelerate—to increase the speed of
Cent-
*hundred, hundredth
centennial—the 100th anniversary
Centimeter—1/100th of a meter
Cept, ceive
*take, hold
Intercept—to stop or interrupt by way of seizure
Perceive—to take notice of something
Cerebr-
*brain
Cerebral—pertaining to the brain
Cert
*sure
Ascertain—to find out something with certainty
Cert-
*sure
Certain—being absolutely sure
Certify—to state that something is true
Cide, cise
*cut, kill
Homicide—murder
Incisor—a sharp tooth for cutting food
Circum-, circle-
*around, about
Circumnavigate—to sail around
Circumspect—watchful or cautious
Claim, clam
*shout, speak out
Exclaim—to cry out loudly
Proclamation—public announcement
Claim-, clam-
*shout, speak out
Clamor—to shout and make noise
Clar
*clear
Declare—to state something clearly
Clar-
*clear
Clarification—an explanation
Clarify—to make something clear
Clud, clus
*close
Conclusion—the end or last part
Exclusion—shutting out
Cline
*lean
Recline—to lean back and relax
Co-
*with, together, joint
Coauthor—writer who collaborates with another author
Coalesce—to come together or unite to form one mass
Col-
*together, jointly
Collaborate—to work together
Collision—smashing together
Com-
*together, common
Commemorate—to memorize together
Commune—living together while owning things in common
Cogn
*know
Incognito—disguised so no one knows you
Recognize—to discover that one knows
Cogn-
*know
Cognition—process of acquiring knowledge
Con-
*with, jointly
Concur—to agree with someone
Contemporary—of the same time period as others
Contra-, contro-
*against, opposite
Contradict—to argue against
Corp-
*body
Corporation—a company recognized by law as a single body
Corporal—pertaining to the body
Dent-, dont-
*tooth
Dental—pertaining to the teeth
Dentist—doctor for the teeth
Di-
*apart, away, not, to the opposite
Digression—departure from the main issue
Disappear—to move out of sight
Dict
*speak
Contradict—to express the opposite of
Prediction—a statement foretelling the future
Dict-
*speak
Dictate—to speak out loud for another person to write down
Domin
*master
Predominate—to have more power than others
Domin-
*master
Dominate—to be the master of
Don
*give
Pardon—to give forgiveness
Don-
*give
Donation—a contribution or gift
Donor—someone who gives
Duc
*lead
Conduct—to lead musicians
Educate—to lead to knowledge
Du-
*two, twice
Duplicate—make an identical copy
Duo—a pair normally thought of as being together
Dur
*harden, to last, lasting
Enduring—able to last
Dur-
*harden, to last, lasting
Durable—having the quality of lasting
E-
*out, away
Enunciate—speaking out clearly
Eject—throw out forcefully
Ego-
*self
Egoistic—self-centered
Enn, anni
*years
Bicentennial—of or relating to a period of 200 years
Perennial—lasting through many years
En-, in-
*inside, inward
Envision—to picture in the mind
Enclose—lock inside
Equ-, equi-
*equal, equally
Equidistant—equal distance between 2 points
Equation—a statement of equality
Esth, aesth
*feeling, sensation, beauty
Kinesthesia—the sensation of bodily movement
Esth-, aesth-
*feeling, sensation, beauty
Esthetician—someone who beautifies
Aesthetic—pertaining to a sense of beauty
Ex-
*from, out
Excavate—to dig out
Exhale—to breath out
Extra-, extro-
*outside, beyond
Extraordinary—beyond the ordinary
Extrovert—an outgoing person
Fac, fact
*make, do
Artifact—object made by a person
Malefactor—a person who does wrong
Fac-, fact-
*make, do
Factory—a place where things are made
Fer
*bear, bring, carry
Confer—to bring honor to someone
Transfer—to move to another place
Fer-
*bear, bring, carry
Ferry—a boat that carries passengers
Fid
*faith
Confide—place trust in someone
Fid-
*faith
Fiduciary—a trustee
Fidelity—faithfulness
Flect
*bend
Deflect—to bend course because of hitting something
Flor-, flora-, fleur-
*flower
Florist—someone who works with flowers
Floral—flowerlike
Form
*shape
Conformity—correspondence in form
Reformatory—intended for reformation
Form-
*shape
Formation—something that is formed
Fract-, frag-
*break
Fragile—easy to break
Fracture—a break
Fug
*flee, run away, escape
Refuge—a sheltered place to flee to
Refugee—a person seeking protection
Fug-
*flee, run away, escape
Fugitive—a person who is running away
Funct
*perform, work
Defunct—no longer working or alive
Malfunction—to fail to work correctly
Funct-
*perform, work
Function—to work normally
Fus
*pour
Confusion—being flooded with too much information that is hard to make sense of
Infuse—to put into
Fus-
*pour
Fuse—to melt by heating
Gon
*angle
Decagon—a polygon with 10 angles
Grad-
*to step, to go
Gradual—step by step
Gran-
*grain
Granary—a storehouse or repository for grain
Granola—a mixture of rolled oats and other ingredients
Grat-
*pleasing
Gratify—to please someone
Grateful—feeling thankful
Gress
*to step, to go
digression—departure from the main issue
Progress—movement forward or onward
hem-
*blood
Hemoglobin—red blood particle
Hepa-
*liver
Hepatitis—inflammation of the liver
Hepatoma—a tumor of the liver
Herbi-
*plant, grass
Herbicide—any chemical used to kill unwanted plants
Herbal—relating to plants
Homo-
*like, alike, same
Homogeneous—of the same nature or kind
Hyper-
*too much, over, excessive, beyond
Hyperactive—very restless
Icon-
*image
Iconology—science of symbols and icons
Il-, in-
*in, into
illuminate—to give light to
Innovation—a new idea, method, or device
Ig-, il-, im-, in-
*not, without
Illegal—not legal
Impossible—not possible
Inappropriate—not appropriate
Imag-
*likeness
Image—a likeness of someone
Imagine—to form a picture or likeness in the mind
Infra-
*beneath, below
Infrastructure—underlying framework of a system
Infrared—below the regular light spectrum
Inter-
*between, among, jointly
Interrupt—to stop or disrupt the course of conversation or presentation
intra-, intro-
*within, inside
Intrastate—existing in one state
Introvert—shy person who keeps to oneself
Ir-
*not
Irredeemable—not redeemable
Irrational—not rational
Ject
*throw
Eject—to throw someone/thing out
Interject—to throw a remark into a discussion
Jud-
*law
Judgement—a decision of a court of law
Judicial—having to do with judges or courts of law
Junct
*join
Conjunction—a word that joints parts of sentences
Disjunction— a disconnection
Junct-
*join
Junction—a place where two things join
Juven
*young
Rejuvenate—to bring back to youthful experience
Juven-
*young
Juvenile—youthful or childish
Lab
*work
Collaborate—to work with a person
Elaborate—to work out the details
Lab-
*work
Laborious—requiring a lot of work
Lact-
*milk
Lactate—to give milk, nurse
Lactose—the sugar contained in milk
Later
*side
Bilateral—of or involving two sides
Unilateral—affecting one side of something
Liber-
*free
Liberate—to set free
Liberty—freedom
Lingu
*language, tongue
Multilingual—able to communicate in more than one language
Lingu-
*language, tongue
Linguist—one who studies languages
Loc
*place
Dislocate—to put something out of its usual place
Loc-
*place
Location—a place
Loqu, locu
*speak
Eloquent—speaking beautifully
Loqu-, locu-
*speak
Loquacious—very talkative
Luc
*light
Elucidate—to explain, to throw light on
Translucent—allowing light to pass through
Luc-
*light
Lucid—easily understood
Lud, lus
*to play
Prelude—introduction to the major performance
Illusion—misleading optical image or impression
Lumin
*light
Illuminate—to fill with light
Lumin-
*light
Luminescence—a low-temperature emission of light
Lun-
*moon
Lunar—relating to the moon
Lunarscape—the surface of the Moon
Magn-
*great, large
magnify—make larger
Magnificent—grand
Mal-
*bad, ill, wrong
Malcontent—a rebellious person
Malicious—showing strong ill will
Man-
*hand
Maneuver—to move by hand
Manual—done by hand
Mand
*to order
Command—an order of instruction
Demand—a hard-to-ignore order
Mand-
*to order
Mandate—an official order
Mar
*sea
Submarine—an undersea boat
Aquamarine—color of sea water
Mar-
*sea
Marina—a harbor for pleasure boats
Mar-
*sea
Marina—a harbor for pleasure boats
Mater-, matr-
*mother
Maternal—relating to motherhood
Matriarchy—a system of society ruled by a woman or women
Max-
*greatest
Maximal—the best or greatest possible
Maximize—to make as great as possible
Medi-
*middle
Medium—in the middle
Mediocre—only of medium quality
Medi-
*middle
Medium—in the middle
Mediocre—only of medium quality
Memor
*remember
Commemorate—to honor the memory of
Memor-
*remember
Memorial—related to remembering a person or event
Memory—ability to retain knowledge
Merge, mers
*dip, dive
Immerge or immerse—to put or dip something into a liquid
Mid-
*middle
Midterm—middle of a term in school
Migr
*move
Immigrant—a person who moves to a new country
Migr-
*move
Migration—moving from place to place
Milli-
*one thousandth
Milliliter—one thousandth of a meter
Min-
*small, less
Mini—something that is very small
Miss, mit
*send, let go
Dismiss—to send someone away
Emit—to send something out
Miss-, mit-
*send, let go
Missile—a weapon sent into the air
Mob
*move
Immobilize—to stop from moving
Mob-
*move
Mobility—the quality of being able to move
mot, mov
*move
Promote—to move someone forward
Mot-, mov-
*move
Motion— the act of moving
Motivate—to move someone into action
Mort
*death
Immortal—living forever
Mort-
*death
Mortal—certain to die
Mortician—an undertaker
Multi-
*many, more than one or two
Multicolored—having many colors
Multitasking—doing many things at once
Mut
*change
Immutable—not changing
Mut-
*change
Mutant—an organism that has undergone change
My-, myo
*muscle
Myocardium—the middle muscle of the heart
Narr-
*tell
Narrate—to tell a story
Narrator—a person who tells a story
Nat
*born
Innate—included since birth
Nat-
*born
Natal—relating to birth
Natural—gotten at birth
Nav
*ship
Circumnavigate—to sail around a place
Nav-
*ship
Naval—relating to a navy or ships
Navigate—to sail a ship throughout a place
Neg
*no
Renege—to go back on a promise
Neg-
*no
Negate—to say it didn’t happen
Negative—meaning “no”
Nom
*name
Misnomer—an error in naming a person or thing
Nom-
*name
Nominal—being something in name only
Nominate—to name for election or appointment
Non-
*no, not, without
Nondescript—with no special characteristics
Nonfiction—true, real
Noun, nunc
*declare
Announce—to declare in public
Denounce—to proclaim harsh criticism
nov
*new
Innovate—to introduce a new way
Renovate—to make something like new again
Nov-
*new
Novice—someone who is new at something
Numer
*number
Enumerate—to name a number of items on a list
Numer-
*number
Numerology—the study of the spiritual uses of numbers
Numerous—a large number
Ob-, op-
*in the way, against
Object—to be against something
Obscure—hard to understand
Opposition—the act of resistance
Ocu
*eye
Binoculars—lens device for seeing distances
Monocular—relating to one eye
Ocu-
*eye
Oculist—an eye doctor
Odor
*smell, scent
Deodorant—a substance that helps prevent body odor
Malodorous—having a terribly bad smell
Odor-
*smell, scent
Odoriferous—something that bears or diffuses a scent
Omni-
*all
Omnipotent—all powerful
Omniscient—knowing all things
Opt-
*best
Optimal—the best
Optimize—the make the best of
Pater-, patr-
*father
Paternal—relating to fathers
Ped-
*foot, feet
Pedal—a lever pushed by the feet
Pedestrian—a person who walks
Pel
*drive, force
Compel—to force someone to act
Expel—to drive someone out of place
Per-
*through, throughout
Permanent—lasting throughout all time
Permeate—to spread throughout
Plaud, plod, plaus, plos
*approve, clap
Applaud—to show approval of, especially by clapping the hands
Plaus-
*approve, clap
Plausible—worthy of approval
Pon
*place, put
Opponent—a person who places him/herself against an action, idea, etc
Postpone—to put off doing something
Pop-
*people
Popular—appealing to a lot of people
Populist—a supporter of the rights of people
Port
*carry
Export—to carry goods out of a place to another
Port-
*carry
Portable—able to be carried
Porter—a person who carries luggage
Pos
*place, put
Deposit—to place or drop something
Expose—to place out in the open for all to see
Pos-
*place, put
Position—the place where someone is
Post-
*after, behind
Posthumous—after someone’s death
Postscript—an addition to an already completed document
Pre-
*earlier, before, in front of
Preamble—a part in front of a formal document
Prepare—to get ready in advance
Pro-
*before, in front of, for, forward
Prognosis—a prediction of what will happen
Prophet—a person who tells the future
Pugn, pung
*to fight
Repugnant—distasteful, offensive, or revolting
