Latin American Music

Question 1

Mexico; Mestizo Culture

Answer 1

Mix of EU + indigenous

common here; less common anywhere else

Question 2

Mexico; Mexican Son (Sound, Song); Spanish and African influences

Answer 2

Spanish
Guitar and violin
Functional harmony
African
Polyrhythm

Question 3

Mexico; Son Jarocho

Answer 3

Son Jarocho; Developed in Veracruz (SE gulf coast)

emphasis on poetry (satire, double meanings, etc.)

Question 4

Mexico; Mexican Son (Sound, Song); Copla and Decima

Answer 4

Copla (4-6 lines, 8 syllables) and decima (10 lines, improv) most dominant literary forms

Question 5

Mexico; Mexican Son (Sound, Song); Sesquialtera

Answer 5

Sesquialtera: Duple and triple meters (think I Want To Live In America, West Side Story)

Question 6

Mexico; Son Jarocho; Arpa (Harp)

Answer 6

Arpa (Harp): 36 Strings (15 or 26 base strings); fast intricate plucking

Question 7

Mexico; Son Jarocho; Jarana

Answer 7

Jarana: 8-String (top and bottom 1-String, rest 2 Strings)

Question 8

Mexico; Son Jarocho; Requinto

Answer 8

Requinto: Small 4-String plucked guitar (lead guitar)

Question 9

Mexico; Son Jarocho; Zapateado

Answer 9

Zapateado: Virtuoso dance from Spain, danced on tarima (platform)

Question 10

Mexico; Son Jarocho; “La Bamba” & Richie Valens

Answer 10

Traditijonal Son Jarocho song; earliest performance in 1755; top 40 hit by Richie Valens in ‘58

Question 11

Mexico; New Son Jarocho

Answer 11

New Son Jarocho = Revival or son jarocho style

Question 12

Mexico; New Son Jarocho; Las Cafeteras

Answer 12

From LA

Used requinto, multiple jaranas, jawbone, cajon, marimobola

Question 13

Mexico; Mariachi

Answer 13

Ensemble, party, musician of mariachi

Question 14

Mexico; Mariachi; Son Jalisciense

Answer 14

Developed in Jalisco SW Mexico; 3-piece ensemble

Question 15

Mexico; Mariachi; Violin

Answer 15

Duh

Question 16

Mexico; Mariachi; Vihuela

Answer 16

8-Strings (like Jarana); looked like guitar but tuned like a lute

Question 17

Mexico; Mariachi; Guitarron

Answer 17

Convex back (flat across floor; see picture if needed

Question 18

Mexico; Mariachi; Trajes de charro

Answer 18

fancy Mexican costume (old music stars were movie stars; standard outfit of mariachi

Question 19

Mexico; Bolero

Answer 19

Romantic love ballads; influenced US pop music

Question 20

Mexico; Bolero; Association W/ MExican Film Stars

Answer 20

Famous actors also sang boleros

Question 21

Mexico; Tejano

Answer 21

Tex-Mex music

Question 22

Mexico; Tejano; Border Songs

Answer 22

Texas south borders mexico

Question 23

Mexico; Tejano; German Influence

Answer 23

Accordians, polka

Question 24

Mexico; Tejano; Polka

Answer 24

German dance (you know this)

Question 25

Mexico; Conjunto

Answer 25

Trio w drums

Question 26

Mexico; Conjunto; Accordian

Answer 26

Duh

Question 27

Mexico; Conjunto; Bajo sexto

Answer 27

12-String guitar

Question 28

Mexico; Conjunto; Flaco Jimenez

Answer 28

b. 1939 accordina player father of conjunto style played w/ Bob Dylan, Rolling Stones, etc.

Question 29

Cuba; Yoruba/Licumi

Answer 29

people of Cuba

Question 30

Cuba; Rumba

Answer 30

ensemble (dance, voice, no instruments; everyday music and dance)

Question 31

Cuba; Cuban Son

Answer 31

Cuba had their own son; spread from Eastern Cuba to rest of Cuba

Question 32

Cuba; Cuban Son; Clave (2+3, 3+2)

Answer 32

2 sticks; you know rhythm

Question 33

Cuba; Cuban Son; Instrumentation

Answer 33

``` Congas Maracas Tres (6-String; repeating pattern; 2 groups of 3 strings Claves Bass, brass and woodwinds, piano ```

Question 34

Cuba; Cuban Son; Verse-Montuno form

Answer 34

Rhythm speeds up; call and response

Question 35

Cuba; Cuban Music in the US

Answer 35

Spread to US in 30s and 40s

Question 36

Cuba; Cuban Music in the US; Cubop/Latin Jazz

Answer 36

You know this (think Manteca)

Question 37

Cuba; Cuban Music in the US; Cubop/Latin Jazz; Mario Bauza, Machito

Answer 37

Mario classically trained; played w/ big bands in NY; brother in law made.... Machito, 1st Cubop group in US

Question 38

Cuba; Cuban Music in the US; Cubop/Latin Jazz; Dizzy Gillespie and Chano Pozo

Answer 38

You know Dizzy; Chano Pozo was a flamboyant percussionist

Question 39

Cuba; Cuban Music in the US; Cubop/Latin Jazz; "Manteca"

Answer 39

Standard of cubop; Latin section (Pozo) and Swing section (Gillespie)

Question 40

Cuba; The Palladium Ballroom

Answer 40

MASSIVE; best Afro-Cuban bands in the world played here

Question 41

Cuba; 1959 Cuban Revolution

Answer 41

Fidel castro beats US dictatorship

Question 42

Cuba; 1959 Cuban Revolution; US/Cuba Trade Embargo

Answer 42

US tried to stop imports into the country; led to salsa

Question 43

Cuba; Salsa

Answer 43

Umbrella term for mambo, Cuban son, etc.

Question 44

Cuba; Salsa; Fania Records

Answer 44

NYC afro-Puerto Rican music label (big)

Question 45

Cuba; Salsa; Celia Cruz

Answer 45

queen of Latin Music | Moved to US after Cuban revolution

Question 46

Brazil; Multicultural Melting Pot

Answer 46

Lots of EU Largest Japanese and black population outside their countries Speak Portuguese not Spanish More than half of pop poor, but Brazil rich Sensuality big (2 military regimes)

Question 47

Brazil; Carmen Miranda

Answer 47

fruit on head comes from her popular in 30s; discovered by Lee Schuber became highest earning female entertainer

Question 48

Brazil; Carmen Miranda; Hollywood Career

Answer 48

Made 14 movies/musicals

Question 49

Brazil; Carmen Miranda; Hollywood Career; Good Neighbor Policy

Answer 49

Her films helped remove Cuban stereotype (back wards, suspicious, etc.)

Question 50

Brazil; Bossa Nova

Answer 50

Stripped down Samba; influenced by crooning

Question 51

Brazil; Bossa Nova; Musical characterisitics

Answer 51

Emphasis on guitar and voice jazz harmony romantic and mature lyrics

Question 52

Brazil; Bossa Nova; Joao gilberto

Answer 52

invented Bossa Nova

Question 53

Brazil; Bossa Nova; Antonio Carlos "Tom" Jobim

Answer 53

Main composer of many Bossa Nova songs

Question 54

Latin Pop; Pan-Latino Movement

Answer 54

Think Oye Como Va

Question 55

Latin Pop; New Production Centers (Miami, LA)

Answer 55

Mexico City no longer center of entertainment industry

Question 56

Latin Pop; Latin Grammys

Answer 56

starts in 2000

Question 57

Latin Pop; Natalia Lafourcade

Answer 57

Very popular singer