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Geography > Latin America > Flashcards

Latin America Flashcards

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0
Q

Define Llanos

A

Tropical grasslands that stretch through eastern Colombia and Venezuela.

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1
Q

Define Pampas

A

Well known plain that covers much of Argentina and Uruguay

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2
Q

Define Bauxite

A

A mineral found in Brazil

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3
Q

Define Isthmus

A

A narrow piece of land that links two larger areas of land

Ex. Central America

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4
Q

Define Canopy

A

Umbrella like covering of leaves

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5
Q

Define Atacama

A

Driest desert in the world, located in Chile

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6
Q

Define Gasohol

A

Alcohol produced from sugarcane and gasoline is used to produce this fuel. Used in Brazil to reduce it’s independence on oil imports.

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7
Q

Define Mestizo

A

People of mixed native American and European descent. They make up the largest part of Latin American population.

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8
Q

Define Caudillo

A

Term for strong leader in Latin America

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9
Q

Define Cordillera

A

Extensive chain of mountains and mountain ranges

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10
Q

Define Estuary

A

An area where river currents and ocean tides meet.

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11
Q

Define Empire

A

A large territory with many different peoples under one ruler.

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12
Q

Define Maize

A

Corn

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13
Q

What are the 4 altitude regions found in the Andes Mountains?

A 
Tierra Caliente (hot land)
Tierra Templada (temperate land)
Tierra Fría (cold land)
Tierra Helada (frozen land)
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14
Q

What crops are grown in the Tierra Caliente?

A

Tropical crops such as bananas, sugarcane, rice and cacao.

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15
Q

What crops are grown in the Tierra Templada?

A

Corn, wheat, coffee.

16
Q

What crops are grown in the Tierra Fría?

A

Farming can only take place in the warmer summers. Crops include potatoes, barley, and wheat.

17
Q

What crops are grown in the Tierra Helada?

A

None

18
Q

What is the location of the Panama Canal?

A

Cuts across the Isthmus of Panama

19
Q

Why was the Panama Canal built?

A

To connect the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans to enable faster travel and trade.

20
Q

What are the names of the three groups of islands in the Caribbean?

A

Greater Antillas- Cuba, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Jamaica.
Lesser Antillas- Virgin Islands to Trinidad
Bahamas- also an archipelago

21
Q

What causes El Niño?

A

Changes in normal wind and water patterns in the Pacific Ocean.

22
Q

What are the effects of the El Niño?

A

Very heavy rains fall on western South America, causing floods. Little rain falls on Australia, Southern Asia and Africa. Pacific waters off Peru’s coast are unusually warm. As a result winds blowing toward land lead to sever flooding along the coast. Can bring dry season to northeastern Brazil, causing crop failures.

23
Q

What is the land used for in the large countries of South America?

A

Cattle herding, grain farming, farming in general, for resources

24
Q

Where is oil and gas located in Latin America?

A

Venezuela, Mexico, Bolivia and Ecuador

25
Q

Major landforms and bodies of water of Latin America and their location.

A

Llanos- eastern Colombia and Venezuela
Pampas- covers much of Argentina and Uruguay
Andes Mountains- pacific coast of South America
Amazon Basin- east of Andes
Amazon river- starts in Andes to Atlantic Ocean

26
Q

What country in Latin America has the most copper?

A

Chile

27
Q

In what climate do you find the South American Rain Forest?

A

Tropical wet

28
Q

Length of Amazon river

A

Flows east about 4000 miles

29
Q

Location and size of the Amazon Basin

A

Located east of the Andes and covers 2.7 million square miles.

30
Q

Months of the hurricane season

A

June to November

31
Q

Countries that make up Middle/Central America

A

Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama

32
Q

Largest lake in South America

A

Lake Titicaca / Lake Maracaibo

33
Q

What were the early civilizations of Latin America and their locations?

A

Mayans- Mexicos Yucatan Peninsula
Toltec- northern Mexico all the way to the Yucatan Peninsula
Aztec- central Mexico
Inca- what is now Peru along the Andes

34
Q

Who were the European conquistadors and who did they defeat?

A

Hernán Cortés conquered the Aztec

Francisco Pizarro conquered the Inca

35
Q

Who were the Latin American leaders who helped overthrow European rule? What countries did they help gain independence?

A

Miguel Hidalgo and Jose Maria Morelos. Simon Bolivar and San Martin. Won freedom for Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia and Peru

Geography (3 decks)

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