Late Antiquity/Midieval

Question 1

In what year was the first sack of Rome? By whom?

Answer 1

410 AD

Aloric, 1st king of the united goths

Question 2

When was the first council of Nicea?

Answer 2

325 AD

Question 3

Who called for the first council of Nicea?

Answer 3

Constantine

Question 4

What was the main argument to be settled at Nicea

Answer 4

Arian view: Jesus was created by God and therefore below God

Opposing views: Jesus was God, trinity

Question 5

Fall of Western Roman Empire

Answer 5

476 AD

Romulus deposed by Visigoth Odoacer

First time a ruler of non-Roman blood ruled the western “empire” (not much of an empire by this time)

Question 6

First King of the united Franks

Answer 6

Clovis

481 - 509

Converted to Catholocism as encouraged by his wife Clotilde ( now a saint)

Catholicism as opposed to Arianism as believed by other germanic tribes at the time. Considered essential for survival of catholicism

Question 7

When and what Emporor Justinian the Great

Answer 7

Byzantine Empire

527-565

Question 8

What were accomplishment of Justinian the Great

Answer 8

1. Partial recovery of defunct Western roman empire to include Rome itself and North Africa (drove out the Vandals)
2. rewriting of Roman law, the Corpus Juris Civilis, which is still the basis of civil law in many modern states
3. His reign also marked a blossoming of Byzantine culture, and his building program yielded such masterpieces as the church of Hagia Sophia

Question 9

What was a detriment to Roman society (Byzantine) during his (Justinian) reign.

Answer 9

First outbreak of bubonic plague in Constantinople and other parts of the empire.

Question 10

What hindered Justinium from furthering his accomplishments?

Answer 10

Continued conflict/war with the Persian empire to the east.

Question 11

When and where was Muhammad born?

Answer 11

570 AD

Mecca

Question 12

Which prophet visited him in a cave giving first revelation? When?

Answer 12

Gabriel

610

Question 13

Who was Otto 1 “the Great”

Answer 13

1st Holy Roman Emperor (Charlemagne was crowned Emperor of the Romans in 800)

Question 14

When did Otto 1 rule

Answer 14

As German King from 936-973

As Holy Roman Emperor from 962-973

Question 15

Accomplishments of Otto 1

Answer 15

Stopped incursions by Magyars (Hungarians) at the battle of Lechfeld in 955

By defeating the Pagans solidified role as defender of the Christian faith and solidified control over the German duchys

Took control of the church by controlling more and more bishops/priests/abbies, often appointing those friendly to acknowledgement of his “divine right” to rule.

Deposed Pope John XII replacing him with Leo VIII then enforced this militarily.