LAT Flashcards
what is involved in section one
assessing the persuasiveness of an argument
how to assess the validity of an experiment
- empirical reasoning (expert opinions and statistics)
- try to spot if things are backed up by evidence
ethos: credibility and ethics
pathos: emotions and feelings
logos: logic and reasoning
how to assess persuasiveness
- techniques used to persuade the reader
- people attacking others or comparing things that are different
- what reaction is the article trying to illicit
- tone
- is the article trying to offer a new perspective or reach an audience that already agrees with them
- people undermining sources to further the persuasiveness of their own arguments
how to structure section one
- one argument on persuasiveness
- one argument on validity
- need links between paragraphs
- have a thesis on whether its persuasive or valid or whatever the question asks (with shade)
how to structure section one intro
- brief overview of what the stimulus is about
- judgement of persuasiveness
detailed steps of section one
- isolate the claims of the stimulus
- take notes of any deficiencies you see
- topic sentence needs to introduce the theme you are discussing
- analyse each claim
- counterargument
*need to analyse all content
*should have 3/4 body paragraphs
how to decide what to do for part two
- assess the argument of each piece
- you can’t do something that you think is good if a majority of people will disagree with you (like parents being against computers in schools)
detailed steps for section two
- isolate three main themes that arise in them
- determine the stance you will take
- pre-empt possible counterarguments
*don’t need to analyse all content
*try to come up with principle and practical arguments
*should have 3 body paragraphs
mechanism of argument
- for part one explain that their mechanism of argument is flawed
- for part two explain how what you are proposing will lead to the outcome you want
- the part that establishes why the claim is true (evidence)
- why does the claim matter
- needs to have an impact
practical argument
practical argument: an issue being sold
- you need to be able to deny that the proposed solution will actually fix the problem with evidence
- does the proposed solution make a new problem
- solution might be so small it isn’t worth the impacts
principle argument
principle argument: not concerned with addressing problems but on a merit of principle
themes to consider
- the economy
- the environment
- society
- the political system
- morality and ethics
how can an argument be valid but not persuasive
if the argument is backed up by evidence but still not something the audience is likely to accept