Last Units Review Flashcards
The higher the bond order indicates wht?
More stable bond
Bond order of 0 indicates what?
Unstable bond
Higher the bond order the shorter the what?
shorter the length
Which is more reactive, thioester or ester bond?
Thioester is more reactive as it includes Fluorine bonds.
What does the molecular orbital diagram allow?
- allows predictions of bond order for molecules
- allows predictions of magnetic properties
What is molecular orbital theory?
- describes covalent bonds in terms of molecular orbitals
- Comes from the interaction of atomic orbitals and bonding atoms
Whats valence bond theory?
-Based on principle that covalent bonds form from the overlap of atomic orbitals on bonding atoms
- Approximate bond lengths and energies in a molecule
- approximates the orbitals in a molecule as belonging to individual atoms without consideration of molecular environment
- Uses hybridization to describe covalent bonds in terms of hybridized orbitals
Bonding orbitals
Have a lower, more stable energy (constructive interference)
Anti bonding orbitals
Have a higher, less stable energy (deconstructive interference)
Whats hunds rule
filling each orbital with one spin direction until all are full then adding a second
Whats Aufbaus rule?
Filling orbitals from lowest to highest
Whats the Pauli exclusion principle?
No orbital can have the same 4 quantum numbers
Intra vs. inter molecular forces
Intra-molecular forces is WITHIN a molecule
Inter- molecular is NEIGHBOURING molecules
(london) Dispersion forces
- Its the weakest of inter-molecular forces due to its clusters in orbitals forming partial negative charges
- Impactful as they are present in large quantities
- Exist in every chemical system
Dipole- Dipole forces
- Exist in all molecules with a permanent dipole
- Polar molecules have a higher melting point opposed to non-polar molecules
- molecules line up so the neg end of one is at the pos end of another
