Last Unit Lecture FCs Flashcards
Short-Term Psychodynamic Therapy Attempts to & Focuses on…..
Attempts to make unconscious, conscious
Focuses on early childhood with transference
Tackles Resistance (Defense Mechanisms)
Interpretation, Clarification, & Confrontation
Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) Aims to & Focuses on….
Aims to resolve interpersonal problems
Focuses and here-and-now problems rather than childhood
Lasts 12-16 weeks
4 Themes of IPT
- Grief
- Role Disputes
- Role Transition
- Interpersonal Deficits
Phases of IPT
First Phase: Diagnostic interview, Interpersonal inventory, EDUCATING patient, clinical formulation (4 themes)
Second Phase: Specific strategies and goals varying on theme
Third Phase: Progress and mastery, dealing with relapse
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) includes both…
Includes both behavioral therapy and cognitive therapy each separate techniques
What is Behavioral Therapy (BT)
Problem behaviors are learned and can be modified through application of learning principles
Behaviors may be learned through Conditioning: i.e. Classical conditioning, Operant conditioning, Modeling, Observation, Instruction, etc.
Cognitive Therapy (CT)
Cognitions mediate between environmental events and behavior/emotion
Party, lots of strangers example
CBT aims to and focuses on….
Modify maladaptive behavioral and cognitive patterns
Focuses on present functioning
Lasts 12-16 weeks
Behavioral Activation
Scheduling activities to counteract relative inactivity, increasing rates of previously pleasurable and meaningful activities when feel lousy
Initially designed to treat depression
Relaxation Training
Breathing retraining, progressive muscle relaxation, mindfulness techniques
Basically meditation mindfulness video
Exposure Therapy
Gradual exposure to feared or avoided stimuli/situations/experiences
VR video
Problem Solving
Define problem, generate solutions, select best solution, implement/evaluate situation
Social Skills Training
Rehearsal of increasingly complex behavioral skills, assertiveness training
schizophrenia video
Contingency Management
System of reinforcements and punishments to lower undesirable behaviors, and up desirable behaviors
Cognitive techniques in CBT (Cognitive Restructuring)
Identify distorted cognitions
Challenge and replace irrational cognitions
First thing that happens in CBT sessions
Review Monitoring
Review Monitoring is therapist getting a client’s ______?
PA history
Daily Mood Monitoring
Graph of Average anxiety
Remember panic attacks are a _______ of the body’s fear system
Misfire
Breathing effects of PD in CBT
Short breath, suffocation, chest pain, quick breathing
Physiological affect of breathing w/ PD
Increased Oxygen in blood, less oxygen to brain Balance out of whack
Diaphragm Breathing
Focus on breathing by counting, smooth belly breathing
Cognitive Restructuring is the….
Education about relationships between physiological sensations, thoughts, & emotions
Thoughts mediate? (Thinking Skills)
Thoughts mediate (explains relationship between two other variables) effect of event on emotion
Habituation
Describes the observed reduction in anxiety with continued exposure to the feared symptoms, activities & situations (people move up when habituated to a certain level in their hierarchy CBT training)
What mediates the effect of exposure therapy on anxiety symptoms
Habituation
3 Key questions when evaluating treatments
- Does a treatment work?
- How does treatment work?
- Under what conditions does treatment work (especially well or especially poorly)?
What are Randomized Control Trials (RCTs)?
Random assignment to treatment and control groups
3 Control Group Possibilities
Wait-list control
Treatment as usual
Best available treatment (used for incremental validity)
Matching
Making sure the two groups don’t differ on the matching variables
Matched for age, gender, & severity of ill, then the treatment and control groups won’t differ in terms of proportions of men and women, the average age, or severity of symptoms
RCTs are known for being?
Highly standardized
Extensive training and supervision of therapists
Efficacy studies prioritize what?
INTERNAL VALIDITY
Effectiveness Studies prioritize what?
EXTERNAL VALIDITY
What do Efficacy studies do?
Control types of clients in study, standardized treatments, randomly assign pts to tx and control
What do effectiveness studies do?
Seeks representativeness of clients, therapists, and treatment context sample
Effectiveness Studies may not include what?
May not include control groups or random assignment
CMHC stands for?
Community Mental Health Center
Which condition showed the best outcome for Craske’s efficacy study?
E&C: Exposure + Cognitive Restructuring
Is CBT better than other techniques?
YES, it is better than other techniques as seen by the Sanchez-Meca meta-analysis study
Empirically Supported Treatments (ESTs) are?
Interventions found to be effective for one or more psychological conditions
