Last prep Flashcards
What protein makes up gap junctions?
Connexin
Alpha helixes are _________
Hydrophobic
Beta sheets have hydrophobic or philic sections on transmembrane plots?
Both
ATP production from glucose steps
Glucose (makes 2 ATP) –> Pyruvate –> Acetyl CoA –> Kreb cycle (2 ATP because 2 acetyl CoA, ATP made from GTP) –> NADH and FADH2 –> ETC –> ATP Synthase –> ATP
Fatty acids go through ____________. The number of turns can be found by ________________
Beta oidation, dividing the number of carbons by 2.
Beta oxidation-
14 Carbon chain —-> 7 Acetyl CoA –> 7 turns (times 3 NADH, 1 FADH, 1 GTP, 2 CO2 per turn)
KNOW WHAT GOES IN AND OUT OF TCA,
1 Acetyl CoA–> 1 A/GTP, 3 NADH, 1 FADH2
FO
Has the C subunits which form a ring. C# determines how many protons needed to turn a ring 360 degrees (which makes 3 ATP)
F1
Beta subunit. Where ATP synthesis is catalyzed. Gamma subunit.
What supplies electrons to ETC?
NADH and FADH2
What are the end products of ETC?
ATP AND H2O
If you have 118 protons into C10, how many ATP do you get?
118/10=11.8, times 3= 35.4. 35 ATP
What protein makes up tight junctions
Occludin, clauding, Junction adhesion molecules
GLYCOLYSIS,
Glucose–> Pyruvate, ATP, ADP, NADH,
ETC,
10 NADH, 2 FADH2, oxygen –> ATP (34?), H2O
oxidative phosphorylation
NADH and oxygen –> H2O and 32 ATP
How many protons does NADH cause to be pumped? (go back to notes
10
How many protons does FADH2 cause to be pumped? (Go back to notes)
6
how many atp from other saccharides, etc) and number of c-ring subunits
-Explain the energetic differences between carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids in relation to
the tricarboxylic acid cycle
o List the primary molecules entering the metabolic phases and what exits from each
phase, including major electron carriers and distinguishing between their oxidized and
reduced states
o While we all know “mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell,” list other features and
contributions they make to eukaryotic cells
Unit 2 – Mitochondria (28 Feb 2025)
amino acids-
Carbohydrates-
Lipids-
