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last exam Flashcards

1
Q

SMART goals

A 
specific 
measurable 
achievable 
relevant 
time-based
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2
Q

NCIDQ amount of hours

A

1760 of qualified work experience can be earned before education is complete, additional 1760 hours after education, total 3520 hours

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3
Q

NCIDQ internship hrs

A

can’t log internship hours for credit also for the NCIDQ, but hours for another internship can be

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4
Q

3 E’s of the ID profession

A

education- CIDA maintains standards of education
experience- practice
examination- NCIDQ, 3 parts: IDFX,IDPX,PRAC

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5
Q

NCIDQ

A

national council for interior design qualification: to maintain standards of practice through testing its members of the profession and establish the requirements for legal qualifications for licensing and title registration, recognized exam for legislation in the US and Canada,
some parts can be completed right after graduation, there are different parts to it

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6
Q

a licensed or registered ID will ensure the client receives an ID qualified to

A

understand the healthy, safety, and welfare of the public

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7
Q

title acts

A

legislative measures concerned with limiting the use of certain professional titles by individuals who meet agreed-upon qualifications and who have registered with a state board

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8
Q

practice acts

A

guidelines established by legislation concerning what person can or can’t do, in the practice of a profession in a particular state. individuals whose profession is guided by practice acts must register with a state board and meet exacting requirement s

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9
Q

ethics

A

moral principals, generally accepted rules of conduct that govern society. not standards of the law, they are higher than standard, one of the marks of a true profession is that it has its own ethical standards, or code of conduct to help govern its professionals

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10
Q

major ethical issues in business- 4

A

conflict of interest
competition
misuse of proprietary info
employee theft

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11
Q

conflict of interests :kickbacks

A

entail the return of a certain amount of money from seller to buyer as a result of collusive agreement-clear sign of a conflict of interest

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12
Q

elements to prove negligence

A
  1. duty of care- the defendant owed a duty (duty to improve interior spaces to meet the needs and preferences of those spaces)
  2. Breach of care- reasonable person standard, what a reasonable person would do in the same/sim circumstance
  3. proximate cause-the action or omission that was the casual connection to the harm or injury (but for test: but for the wrongful act, the injury would not have occurred)
  4. damages: injury or harm
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13
Q

contracts=

A

offer+acceptance+consideration

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14
Q

breach of contract

A

failure to conform constitutes this, there are legal remedies and sanctions applied by courts in such instances

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15
Q

billing rate

A

salary rate of employee+ overhead expsenses+ profit , should be a multiplayer of 3X’s your salary

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16
Q

considerations when developing a fee

A
  • know what the market charges
  • maintain your reputation
  • your value is in what your client values
  • relationships
  • offer services other do not
  • residential projects vs. commercial projects
  • designers experience
  • clients experience with an interior designer
  • size and complexity of project
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17
Q

fee calculating methods

A
  1. hourly fee method
  2. fixed fee method/lump sum
  3. cost plus % mark up
  4. sq ft method
  5. value oriented method
  6. percentage of merchandise and product services
  7. retail method
  8. % off retail method
  9. consultation fee
  10. combination method
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18
Q

hourly fee

A

best to use for someone who doesn’t have a lot of experience at something, less risky

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19
Q

developing the design contract

A
  1. date
  2. clients name and addy
  3. detailed description of project areas involved
  4. detailed scope or services
  5. detailed purchasing agreements
  6. price agreements
  7. method and payment compensation
  8. reimbursement for out of pocket expenses
  9. charges for extra services
  10. designer responsibility disclaimer
  11. charges and responsibility of third party
  12. photographs and publishing rights
  13. termination of contract
  14. responsibility of the client
  15. assignment and delegation
  16. ownership of documents
  17. time frame of the conract
  18. matters of arbitration
  19. mutual understanding and legality
  20. conditions and amount of retainer
  21. signatures
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20
Q

prices

A

list price: the price suggested by the supplier, the price the consumer pays for any goods purchased from business entities

net: 50% reduction (or discount) from the suggested retail price (list price)
wholesale: net and wholesale can be used the same, can also mean a special price given to a designer by a supplier which is lower than what it would cost the consumer
cost: the price the designer must pay for the goods

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21
Q

UCC

A

uniform commercial code is a uniform set of laws concerning the sale of goods

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22
Q

key tasks of a project manager

A
  • prepare the proposal and contract
  • establish and oversee the project schedule
  • select a project team
  • serve as primary client contract
  • supervise the design team
  • establish and oversee the budget
  • coordinate with consultants
  • oversee the project files/paper trail
  • supervise quality control
  • provide design input
  • utilize good communication skills
  • prepare and distribute project status reports
23
Q

phases of an interior design project

A
  • programming/predesign
  • shematic design
  • design development
  • contract documents
  • bidding and negotiation
  • conract administration
24
Q

CA tasks

A
  • work supervision of the design team
  • ordering of merchandise, or releasing construction contracts
  • coordination and cooperation with the architect, general contractor and subcontractors
  • review of shop drawings and submittals from vendors
  • on-site supervision of construction and installation of FF&E
  • final walkthrough-when the designer with the client decides if there were any omissions or damages: punch list: notations are made on this form
  • post occupancy evaluation
  • transmittal letter
25
Q

transmittal letter

A

eliminates the need for a cover letter every time something is transmitted

26
Q

design-bid-build

A

when a negotiated price or bids are obtained for the construction, then the documents are handed off to a contractor who hires a subcontractors to complete the project

27
Q

design build

A

when a single contract is given to a single entity for both the design of the facility as well as the construction of the building
-benefits: fast tracking, cost control, single-source firm, higher risk and higher reward

28
Q

value engineering

A

a method of analyzing and specifying products and design solutions base on cost-effectiveness, finding acceptable substitutions to higher-cost design concepts in order to provide quality outcomes at lower cost

29
Q

contract drawings

A
  • contract documents: construction agreement, conditions of the contract, construction documents, modifications: addenda and change orders
  • constructions documents: drawings, specifications, sheds
  • bid documents: invitations to bid, instructions to bidders, bid form, bid requirements, CD’s
30
Q

specifications

A

the written instructions to the general contractors and vendors

  • cary in complexity, residential to commercial, bid or not
  • written word takes precedence over drawings
  • compliment the drawing, do not duplicate them
31
Q

closed spec

A

a specification that is written for a product such that no other product can be substituted

32
Q

open spec

A

the owner is wiling to consider substitutions for what was originally specified, “or equal”: products that are the same, or very close to, what has been specified will be considered

33
Q

types of CD specs

A
  1. proprietary
  2. descriptive
  3. performance
  4. reference
34
Q

modifications- addenda

A

are additions or changes made to the CD’s once they are in the hands of contractors/vendors for bidding. occurs before bids are in on the project

  • correct errors and omissions
  • clarify ambiguities
  • add to or reduce the scope of work
  • provide additional info that might affect bid prices
  • change the time and place for receipt of bids
  • change the quality of the work
  • issue additional names of qualified “or equal” products
35
Q

submittals

A

at the beginning of CA, the contractor?vendor provides materials, drawings, or documents for approval

36
Q

purchase order

A

used to initiate orders for march and services from manufacturers, tradespeople/craftspeople, and other vendors. Nothing should be purchased for clients without a PO. serves as a contract.
purposes of a purchase order
1. serves as the means of obtaining the needed goods and services in the clients interest
2. acts as a record of all outstanding orders
3.used to verify information on acknowledgements to be sure correct items were ordered
4.acts as a control mechanism for billing clients
5. can be used for checking the correct pricing of various suppliers
6. used to purchase items for the operations of the design firm
7. helps maintain accurate records when a hard copy is made of a digital purchase order

37
Q

sole proprietorship

A

the company and the owner are one in the same
PROS:
-simplest and least expensive form of business ownership
-owner collects 100% profit
-great freedom in management
-do not have to pay unemployment tax on income
-business deductions can affect individual income tax due
CONS:
-owner has 100% of liability (company and personal assets at risk)
-easy for tax problems to occur (mixing personal and business)
-have to build business credit, difficult to get loans
-cant collect unemployment
-company stops when owner stops (vacation, death)

38
Q

partnership

A

when two or more individuals agree to start a business
FORMED to:
-bring more design or business talent
-bring the assets and credit rating of the partners
-because the responsibilities of the business can be shared

39
Q

general partnerships

A

2+ people join for the purpose of forming a business, these people alone share in the profits and risks. General partnership does not protect the personal assets of the partners; the bad acts of one partner impacts the other
PROS:
-easy and inexpensive to start
-tax benefit of having 2+ people involved
-a written partnership agreement is not required (although highly recommended)
-partners have equal share in liability
-may have easier time establishing credit
CONS:
-management differences between partners
-shared profits
-many more forms filed with federal and state gov. when compared to sole proprietorship
-may need to obtain licenses to do business in multiple states
-any changes in the relationship can dissolve business

40
Q

limited partnerships

A

2+ people join according to statutory requirements (laws), at least one general partner and one or more limited partner(s).
General partner does not have protection of personal assets. limited partner is only liable up to their investment.
PROS:
-all of the benefits of general partnership
-general partner have management responsibility
-shared financial risk, although not equal
CONS:
-limited partnership agreement is filed with the state, therefore it is more exspensive to start
-may have to file multiple forms to practice in multiple states
-limited partners don’t have management responsilbity, purely investors
-limited partners receive portion of profit

41
Q

corporation

A

(c corporation) an association of individuals created by statutory requirements and as such is a legal entity
a corporation exits independently of its originators or any other person connected directly with the firm
PROS:
-legal entity separate from owners
-financial liability of originators and stockholders is limited to their investment (no personal liability)
-continuity beyond original founder
-capitial can be raised through stock sales
-shareholders have a say in management
CONS:
-most time-consuming and expensive to start (lots of paperwork)
-regulated by federal government during interstate commerce
-must hold annual stockholders’ meeting
-officers and directors are liable for criminal actions that are committed in the name of the corp. (individual shareholders are protected)

42
Q

business plan

A

is a detailed definition of a business idea and explains how the business of this potential company will be executed; provides substantive though as to what the business is all about and how it will operate

43
Q

business plan prep

A
  • businesses with a plan have a far greater chance at success
  • serves as an opportunity to anticipate problems-and ways to avoid them-or determine a way to deal with them
  • evaluating and planning services to offer
  • determine operational procedures
  • clarifying financing
  • the plan is a personal expression of what the owner feels the firm is all about and how he or she hopes it will grow
44
Q

best time to market

A

-when you are the busiest

45
Q

preparing for the interview

A
  • organize portfolio
  • ensure neat appearance and good grooming
  • verify details-date/time confirmation, who are you interviewing with, can you pronounce their name?
  • know where you are going, plan to arrive early
  • do your HW on the company and who is interviewing you
  • prepare yourself-go through a mental checklist of possible Qs that may ask you. wether your own Qs about them
  • know the time frame for it
46
Q

negotiation tips

A
  • write a script and practice
  • statistically, women achieve greater success in negotiations when demonstrating concern for organizational relationships
  • “think personally, act communally”
  • smile a lot
  • dont accept first offer
47
Q

types of CD specs

A
  • proprietary
  • descriptive
  • performance
  • reference
48
Q

proprietary

A

names the products and materials by manufacturers name, model number, or part number, closed spec, no subs are permitted.
-easiest to write
-accurate drawings
-max product control
-shorter schedule
-competitibe bid concept is more fully realized
DISAD:
-not enough bidders in a given market area to provide products
-limits competition
-or equals lead to longer evaluation times
-not permitted in government work (unless “o equal” is stated)

49
Q

descriptive

A

does not use a manufactures name or trade name for the goods being specified, it describes in great detail, the materials, workmanship, fabrication methods, and installation of the required goods, open spec)
ADVAN:
-the designer can prescribe exactly what he or she wants to specify without using a proprietary spec
-can include critical performance criteria
DISAD:
-requires a lot of time to write
-much more detailed and precise descriptions are required
-the volume of info required to prepare the specs can lead to errors, omissions, and loopholes
-loss of design control

50
Q

performance

A

written without trade names, establishes the product requirements based on exact performance criteria, open spec.
ADVAN:
-the designer can prescribe exactly what he or she wants to specify without using a proprietary spec
-can include critical performance criteria
DISAD:
-requires a lot of time to write
-much more detailed and precise descriptions are required
-the volume of info required to prepare the specs can lead to errors, omissions, and loopholes
-loss of design control

51
Q

reference

A

utilizes established standards, such as ASTM or ANSI standards, rather than written descriptions or performance criteria for specified products, standards establish minimal acceptable standards pf performance, open spec
ADVAN:
-saves time in writing
-can be used to help explain a complex performance spec or descriptive spec or specialized products
DISAD:
-must be fully aware and up to date of the standards
-loss of design control

52
Q

documents needed to complete a bid

A
  • CD’s
  • general conditions
  • invite to bid
  • instructions to bidders
  • bid form
53
Q

bid opening

A

can be public or private

54
Q

letter of intent

A

sent to the winning bidder, begin work on the project

professional practice (1 decks)

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