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Aesthetics > Laser Hair Removal > Flashcards

Laser Hair Removal Flashcards

1
Q

Consulting physician responsibilities

A

Quarterly audits
Write Rx
Adverse situations

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2
Q

LSO

A

Keep staff trained on safety protocols
Keep machines safe and maintenanced
Can shut down operation if not safe

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3
Q

LASER

A 
Light
Amplification by the
Stimulated
Emission of
Radiation
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4
Q

Electromagnetic spectrum

A

Arranged by frequency of waves from shortest(fastest, high intensity) to longest(slowest, lower intensity)

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5
Q

Measure of a wavelength?

A

Nanometer (nm) or micron (1/1000 nm)

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6
Q

4 common LHR lasers?

A

694 Ruby
755 Alexandrite
810 Diode
1064 Nd:YAG

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7
Q

What part of the spectrum is thermal?

A

Infrared IR

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8
Q

3 Chromosphores

A

Water, hemoglobin, melanin

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9
Q

LHR Chromosphore

A

Melanin in the hair follicle, treat without targeting the blood or water surrounding

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10
Q

What wavelength targets the water Chromosphore?

A

Er:YAG and CO2, ablative treatments

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11
Q

Stimulated Emission

A

Excited electron absorbs photon, when returning to resting, it emits 2 photons, they all bounce around multiplying

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12
Q

Laser components

A

2 mirrors, one is partially reflective, light source and laser medium in between

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13
Q

Coherent light waves

A

Travel in unison

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14
Q

Laser light properties

A

Monochromatic, collimated, coherent

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15
Q

Visible light properties

A

Polychromatic, divergent, scattered

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16
Q

What determines Optical Energy?

A

Flouence, spot size and pulse duration

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17
Q

Unit of energy?

A

Joule

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18
Q

Unit of power?

A

Watt

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19
Q

4 laser properties

A

Absorption, reflection, transmission, scatter

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20
Q

Absorption in LHR

A

Follicle absorbs energy and converts to heat to destroy the follicle

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21
Q

Destroy the target while protecting the surrounding tissue is called…

A

Selective Photothermolysis, non ablative

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22
Q

Thermal Relaxation Time

A

Time it takes for 50% loss of heat

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23
Q

Pulse duration for TRT

A

Larger target heats and cools slower, needs longer width, smaller target (fine hair) heats and cools faster, needs shorter width

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24
Q

Ablative

A

Destroying the epidermis, targeting water

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25
Q

IPL properties

A

Full spectrum, non coherent, BBL

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26
Q

IPL components

A

Mirror above light source, filtered to allow the chosen wavelength through

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27
Q

Cooling options

A 
Cold us gel
Chill tip
Zimmer
Ice packs
Cryogenic spray
28
Q

Why epidermal cooling?

A

To protect skin from burning and patient comfort

29
Q

Radio frequency RF

A

Electric wavelength between two poles to enhance heating of treated target, attracted to the heat from laser

30
Q

RF depth

A

Half the distance of the nodes

31
Q

Light emissions

A

Continuous or pulsed

32
Q

Laser emissions

A

Homogenous or fractionated

33
Q

Pseudofolliculitis barbae

A

Ingrown hairs

34
Q

Layers of the skin

A

Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis or subq

35
Q

What layer of the epidermis are the melanocytes in?

A

Basal layer

36
Q

Types of hair

A

Vellus - fine, unpigmented

Terminal - course, pigmented

37
Q

Where is melanin in the follicle produced?

A

Bulb and upper bulge, deepest in anagen phase

38
Q

Types of melanin

A

Eumelanin - brown, black (our target)

Pheomelanin - red, gold

39
Q

Growth phases of hair

A

Anagen - active
Catagen - transitional
Telogen - dormant

40
Q

Body parts with long growth cycles

A

Back, chest, legs

41
Q

What is safest wavelength for dark skin?

A

1064, deeper wavelength allows epidermal melanin to stay safe

42
Q

Wet or dry lasers

A

Use gel or not

43
Q

Tanned patients need which laser?

A

Nd:YAG, goes deeper to miss the epidermal pigment

44
Q

How can you protect epidermis?

A

Cooling
Decrease flouence
Longer pulse width

45
Q

Benefit of a larger spot size?

A

Speed

Delivers higher effective flouence bc scattered photons stay in the target area

46
Q

Hormonal effects on hair

A

Male androgen increase size and pigment

Female estrogen decrease size and pigment

47
Q

Pretreatment no nos

A 
Sun 2 wks
Antibiotics 10 days
RetinA 3 days
Self tanner 1 wk
Waxing tweezing 4 wks
Accutane 6 mos
Botox 7 days
Fillers 2 wks
Open skin (herpes, sores, acne, cuts, etc)
48
Q

Danger with facial treatment and Nd:YAG?

A

Need to cover teeth

49
Q

Post care

A 
Stay out of sun for 2 wks
Use SPF
Cool packs and aloe if needed
No swimming, sweating, tubbing, sauna
No friction
No exfoliation for 2 days
50
Q

Side effects and complications

A 
Erythema
Edema
Blistering
Hypo pigment
Hyper pigment
Histamine reaction
HSV
51
Q

Bell curve for results

A

5-10% poor
80% good
5-10% great

52
Q

Treatment interval and why?

A

6 weeks apart, hair grows in cycles, at any given time only a fraction of hair is in the active state we are targeting

53
Q

Limitation of treating men’s backs?

A

Low % of anagen hairs and long telegenic phase… Lots of treatments over a long period of time

54
Q

Hormonal conditions?

A 
Hirsutism
Hypertrichosis
Cushing's syndrome
Androgenital syndrome
PCOS
55
Q

How to approach hormonal hurdles?

A

Will need more treatments, set expectation up front, start with 6 and evaluate results

56
Q

Levels of burn

A

First degree - epidermal only, no blistering
Second degree - dermis injured, blistering
Third degree - subq injured

57
Q

He do you know patient is burned?

A

Lingering heat
Grey or ashy appearance after shot
Blistering next day

58
Q

What to do for burn?

A

Have patient come in to take a look or immediate cooling
Polysporin or silvadene depending on severity
Consulting physician if necessary (2 degree)
Photograph
Follow up

59
Q

Burns in dark skin?

A

Do not appear immediately

60
Q

Phases of wound healing?

A

Inflammatory
Proliferative/rebuilding
Remodeling

61
Q

What part of the spectrum is LHR laser in?

A

Near infrared, does not cause blink reflex as it is invisible

62
Q

What class lasers do we use?

A

Class IV

63
Q

Eye protection

A

Goggles labeled for the particular wavelength you are working with, ablative lasers do not really harm the eye but we still wear goggles

64
Q

Is suction needed for LHR?

A

No, the odor is from burnt hair, but doesn’t actually produce a smoke plume like ablative treatments

65
Q

Check before treating

A

Sun
Meds
Shaven, no wax
No topicals

66
Q

What is considered successful treatment series?

A

85% reduction

67
Q

1 goal while in room

A

Safety & Efficacy

Aesthetics (1 decks)

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