Laser Hair Removal Flashcards
1
Q
What is laser hair removal
A
removal of unwanted facial and body hair by selectively targeting melanin inside the hair follicle.
2
Q
What are the three cycles of hair growth
A
Anogen, Catogen, and Telogen
3
Q
What is anogen
A
it is considered active where the laser targets the hair. it’s the growth phase. (fully grown)
4
Q
What is catagen
A
transitioning (1-2 wks)
5
Q
What is telogen
A
resting (5-6) weeks the hair falls out
6
Q
What is epidermis
A
the outermost layer of the skin which creates our skin tone
6
Q
What is dermis
A
beneath the epidermis, contains tough connectivity issues, hair follicles and sweat glands
7
Q
What does LASER stand for
A
Light Amplified by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation
8
Q
What are the typical 3 components of laser
A
- an active medium (whatevers being lasered) , 2. a pumping system to excite atoms (aka machines battery), 3. an optical cavity bounded by mirrors (the light being amplified)
9
Q
What are Stimulated Emissions?
A
the engine for producing laser energy
10
Q
Electromagnetic Spectrum
A
the energy that travels and spreads as it goes out
11
Q
What is Laser Diodes nanometres
A
630-950 (Whic is good for all skin types
12
Q
What are Alexandrite nanometres
A
720-780 (for white people)
13
Q
what is Nd:YAG nanometres
A
1064
14
Q
What is light absoprtion
A
for every laser treatment there is always a chromophore
15
Q
What is a chromophore
A
the specific pigment in the skin or hair that the laser aborbs.
16
Q
What is Thermal Relaxation Time (TRT)
A
The time required for an object to cool down by 50%
17
Q
What is wavelength
A
it tells us how deep the light can penetrate into different layers of the skin.
18
Q
What are nanometres
A
how deep the laser is pentrating the skin
19
Q
What is photothermolysis
A
Theprocess of laser energy converts to heat, targeting chromophores, destroying follicles and surrounding tissue.
20
Q
What are kilojoules
A
Kilojoules measure energy delivered. 6 KJ for 150 cm², 12 KJ for 300 cm² grids
21
Q
What is grid size
A
The area where the laser beam meets the treatement spot
22
Q
Does thin hair and finer hair require less or more KJ’s.
A
More because there is less pigment in these follicles that absorb the laser light.
23
Q
What is Fluence
A
the level of energy being delivered into the treatment area (how hot it gets).
24
What does a low fluence indicate?
The more comfortable the client will be with sensitive areas.
25
What does a high fluence indicate
the faster energy is being released from the handpiece.
26
what are three agents of Epidermis Cooling
1. Gel, Contact Cooling, and chilled tip
27
What is stack mode?
treatment grid size is based on 50 cm^2. Use a lower fluence when treating dark/ dense areas.
28
What is subcutaneous tissue
the deepest layer of the skin.
29
What is hyperpigmentation
darker patches of skin caused by excess melanin or acne scars.
30
Folliculitis
inflammmation of hair follicles.
31
Prefollicular Edema
is swelling from energy that is absorbed which makes the follicles unable to grow hair
32
Signed Hair
Is burnt hair
33
Pinpoint bleeding
Occurs with dense, thick hairs
34
What is antiseptic
a solution designed to use prevent infection and promote healing.
35
What is disinfectant
Reduces the growth of disease-causing organisms
36
What are the three hair growth cycles?
Active (anagen), transitioning (catogen), and resting (telogen) phases.
37
Why are multiple treatments necessary?
Only a small percentage of hair is in the active growth phase at any time.
38
How many treatments are usually required?
Typically 6-10 sessions for 70-90% hair reduction.
39
Is laser hair removal painful?
t's tolerable, with a warm pinching or stinging sensation, but no anesthesia is needed.
40
Who are good candidates for laser hair removal (LHR)?
People with dark hair and light skin.
41
What hair colors might not respond well to LHR?
White, gray, blonde, or red hair.
42
is LHR effective on all skin types?
Yes, it's highly effective on most skin typeS
43
What's important about hair pigment for LHR?
Dark hair pigment is targeted by the laser for effective removal.
44
How does a laser's reflector contribute to its functionality?
Reflectors trap light, which helps the laser amplify the active medium.
45
What different types of electromagnetic radiation?
Radio waves, microwaves, visible light, x-rays, and cosmic rays.
46
How does oxyhemoglobin differ from melanin in light absorption?
Oxyhemoglobin absorbs less laser light compared to melanin due to different wavelengths.
47
Why are red and near-infrared light sources preferred for hair treatment?
They're effective because they're best absorbed by the melanin in hair and skin.
48
Why is it important for laser hair removal to target up to 600 nm below the skin surface?
This depth ensures effective treatment by reaching hair follicles without harming the skin.
49
Which types of lasers are effective for hair removal?
Ruby and alexandrite lasers emit the right light for hair removal successfully.
50
How does increasing kilojoules per grid size affect treatment?
Over-treatment and potential burning of the treatment area may occur.
51
Why should the kilojoules setting be increased to a maximum of 8 per 150cm^2 grid?
Thinner, finer hair requires more kilojoules for effective treatment due to less pigment.
52
What is fluence?
Fluence is how strong the laser energy is in one pulse.
53
What does pulse duration measure?
Pulse duration measures the time a laser takes to deliver energy.
54
Why is pulse duration important?
It needs to match the fluence needed to damage the target hair follicle.
55
Why does bigger spot size penetrate deeper?
Greater scattering and skin compression
56
What is the function of the hair follicle?
Source of hair production,
57
What is the dermal papilla's job?
Feeds newly formed hair cells from blood supply
58
Where are sebaceous glands located and what do they produce?
Located close beneath skin surface, produce oily material called sebum.
59
Describe the hair shaft and its growth.
The hair shaft, made of keratin, grows from the follicle base and extends above the skin.
60
What's the active hair growth phase called?
Anogen.
61
What happens during anogen?
Hair grows with lots of melanin.
62
What percentage of hairs are usually growing at once?
About 85%.
63
Why does the length of anogen phase vary?
Due to body area, gender, and hormones.
64
hen are lasers most effective for hair remova
During anogen when hair cells divide fast with lots of melanin.
65
What is catagen phase?
Hair follicle shrinks, prepares for shedding.
66
How long does catagen phase usually last?
About 1-2 weeks.
67
What happens during telogen phase?
Old hair falls out, no melanin.
68
How long does telogen phase typically last?
Around 3 months.
69
What follows telogen phase
Anagen phase begins again, new hair forms.
70
What's the purpose of the anagen phase?
To start the growth cycle anew.
71
What happens to treated hairs after laser hair removal?
They shed, pushing out of the skin.
72
How can clients help shed hairs after laser treatment?
A: By exfoliating 7 days after treatment.
73
How many treatments does someone need for hair reduction?
Depends on body and hair growth; typically 12 treatments.
74
how often should treatments be done?
Every 6-8 weeks initially, then spaced out as hair growth slows.
75
When might someone need maintenance treatments?
When hair growth significantly slows down; possibly every 3, 6, or 12 months.
76
What's the outermost layer of skin called?
The epidermis.
77
What's underneath the epidermis?
The dermis.
78
What does the dermis do?
Gives skin flexibility and strength.
79
What's the deepest layer of skin called?
Subcutaneous tissue or hypodermis.
80
What's the job of subcutaneous tissue?
Keeps the body warm and protects it from injury.
81
What skin type burns easily and never tans?
Skin type 1: very fair, always burns, never tans.
82
Which skin type usually burns but may sometimes tan?
Skin type 2: fair, usually burns, sometimes tans.
83
What characterizes skin type 3 in terms of burning and tanning?
Skin type 3: medium, sometimes burns, usually tans.
84
Describe the burning and tanning tendencies of skin type 4.
Skin type 4: olive, rarely burns, always tans.
85
Which skin type never burns and always tans?
Skin type 5: never burns, always tans.
86
What is characteristic of skin type 6 in terms of burning and tanning?
Skin type 6: never burns, always tans.
87
What is fluence in laser hair removal?
fluence determines the energy level per unit area.
88
Define kilojoules in laser hair removal.
Kilojoules (kJs) measure the total energy applied to the treatment area
89
What is grid size in laser hair remova
Grid size segments the treatment area to deliver the correct energy per area.
90
How much energy is required for a 150 cm^2 treatment area?
6 kilojoules are needed to effectively heat follicles to 70 degrees
91
How much energy is needed with a 300 cm grid size?
12 kilojoules are required to effectively heat follicles to 70 degrees.
92
Explain pulse duration in laser hair remov
Pulse duration is the time laser energy is delivered to the treatment area
93
Define spot size in laser hair removal.
Spot size refers to the diameter of the handpiece window, such as 2 cm².
94
What does wavelength determine in laser hair removal?
Wavelength affects how deeply the laser penetrates different skin layers.
95
What is skin type in laser hair removal?
Skin type classifies human skin color based on various factors.
96
What is vellus hair?
less pigmented, thin, fine hair (peach fuzz)
97
What is terminal hair
deeply pigmented and rooted, coarse and thick
98
Define anagen phase in the hair growth cycle.
Anagen is the active growth phase when hair is connected to the blood supply
99
What is the shedding process in laser hair removal?
Shedding is when individual hair strands are released from follicles after treatment.
