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Laser > Laser Hair Removal > Flashcards

Laser Hair Removal Flashcards

1
Q

What is laser hair removal

A

removal of unwanted facial and body hair by selectively targeting melanin inside the hair follicle.

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2
Q

What are the three cycles of hair growth

A

Anogen, Catogen, and Telogen

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3
Q

What is anogen

A

it is considered active where the laser targets the hair. it’s the growth phase. (fully grown)

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4
Q

What is catagen

A

transitioning (1-2 wks)

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5
Q

What is telogen

A

resting (5-6) weeks the hair falls out

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6
Q

What is epidermis

A

the outermost layer of the skin which creates our skin tone

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6
Q

What is dermis

A

beneath the epidermis, contains tough connectivity issues, hair follicles and sweat glands

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7
Q

What does LASER stand for

A

Light Amplified by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation

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8
Q

What are the typical 3 components of laser

A
  1. an active medium (whatevers being lasered) , 2. a pumping system to excite atoms (aka machines battery), 3. an optical cavity bounded by mirrors (the light being amplified)
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9
Q

What are Stimulated Emissions?

A

the engine for producing laser energy

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10
Q

Electromagnetic Spectrum

A

the energy that travels and spreads as it goes out

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11
Q

What is Laser Diodes nanometres

A

630-950 (Whic is good for all skin types

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12
Q

What are Alexandrite nanometres

A

720-780 (for white people)

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13
Q

what is Nd:YAG nanometres

A

1064

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14
Q

What is light absoprtion

A

for every laser treatment there is always a chromophore

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15
Q

What is a chromophore

A

the specific pigment in the skin or hair that the laser aborbs.

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16
Q

What is Thermal Relaxation Time (TRT)

A

The time required for an object to cool down by 50%

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17
Q

What is wavelength

A

it tells us how deep the light can penetrate into different layers of the skin.

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18
Q

What are nanometres

A

how deep the laser is pentrating the skin

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19
Q

What is photothermolysis

A

Theprocess of laser energy converts to heat, targeting chromophores, destroying follicles and surrounding tissue.

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20
Q

What are kilojoules

A

Kilojoules measure energy delivered. 6 KJ for 150 cm², 12 KJ for 300 cm² grids

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21
Q

What is grid size

A

The area where the laser beam meets the treatement spot

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22
Q

Does thin hair and finer hair require less or more KJ’s.

A

More because there is less pigment in these follicles that absorb the laser light.

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23
Q

What is Fluence

A

the level of energy being delivered into the treatment area (how hot it gets).

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24
Q

What does a low fluence indicate?

A

The more comfortable the client will be with sensitive areas.

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25
Q

What does a high fluence indicate

A

the faster energy is being released from the handpiece.

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26
Q

what are three agents of Epidermis Cooling

A
  1. Gel, Contact Cooling, and chilled tip
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27
Q

What is stack mode?

A

treatment grid size is based on 50 cm^2. Use a lower fluence when treating dark/ dense areas.

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28
Q

What is subcutaneous tissue

A

the deepest layer of the skin.

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29
Q

What is hyperpigmentation

A

darker patches of skin caused by excess melanin or acne scars.

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30
Q

Folliculitis

A

inflammmation of hair follicles.

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31
Q

Prefollicular Edema

A

is swelling from energy that is absorbed which makes the follicles unable to grow hair

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32
Q

Signed Hair

A

Is burnt hair

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33
Q

Pinpoint bleeding

A

Occurs with dense, thick hairs

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34
Q

What is antiseptic

A

a solution designed to use prevent infection and promote healing.

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35
Q

What is disinfectant

A

Reduces the growth of disease-causing organisms

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36
Q

What are the three hair growth cycles?

A

Active (anagen), transitioning (catogen), and resting (telogen) phases.

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37
Q

Why are multiple treatments necessary?

A

Only a small percentage of hair is in the active growth phase at any time.

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38
Q

How many treatments are usually required?

A

Typically 6-10 sessions for 70-90% hair reduction.

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39
Q

Is laser hair removal painful?

A

t’s tolerable, with a warm pinching or stinging sensation, but no anesthesia is needed.

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40
Q

Who are good candidates for laser hair removal (LHR)?

A

People with dark hair and light skin.

41
Q

What hair colors might not respond well to LHR?

A

White, gray, blonde, or red hair.

42
Q

is LHR effective on all skin types?

A

Yes, it’s highly effective on most skin typeS

43
Q

What’s important about hair pigment for LHR?

A

Dark hair pigment is targeted by the laser for effective removal.

44
Q

How does a laser’s reflector contribute to its functionality?

A

Reflectors trap light, which helps the laser amplify the active medium.

45
Q

What different types of electromagnetic radiation?

A

Radio waves, microwaves, visible light, x-rays, and cosmic rays.

46
Q

How does oxyhemoglobin differ from melanin in light absorption?

A

Oxyhemoglobin absorbs less laser light compared to melanin due to different wavelengths.

47
Q

Why are red and near-infrared light sources preferred for hair treatment?

A

They’re effective because they’re best absorbed by the melanin in hair and skin.

48
Q

Why is it important for laser hair removal to target up to 600 nm below the skin surface?

A

This depth ensures effective treatment by reaching hair follicles without harming the skin.

49
Q

Which types of lasers are effective for hair removal?

A

Ruby and alexandrite lasers emit the right light for hair removal successfully.

50
Q

How does increasing kilojoules per grid size affect treatment?

A

Over-treatment and potential burning of the treatment area may occur.

51
Q

Why should the kilojoules setting be increased to a maximum of 8 per 150cm^2 grid?

A

Thinner, finer hair requires more kilojoules for effective treatment due to less pigment.

52
Q

What is fluence?

A

Fluence is how strong the laser energy is in one pulse.

53
Q

What does pulse duration measure?

A

Pulse duration measures the time a laser takes to deliver energy.

54
Q

Why is pulse duration important?

A

It needs to match the fluence needed to damage the target hair follicle.

55
Q

Why does bigger spot size penetrate deeper?

A

Greater scattering and skin compression

56
Q

What is the function of the hair follicle?

A

Source of hair production,

57
Q

What is the dermal papilla’s job?

A

Feeds newly formed hair cells from blood supply

58
Q

Where are sebaceous glands located and what do they produce?

A

Located close beneath skin surface, produce oily material called sebum.

59
Q

Describe the hair shaft and its growth.

A

The hair shaft, made of keratin, grows from the follicle base and extends above the skin.

60
Q

What’s the active hair growth phase called?

A

Anogen.

61
Q

What happens during anogen?

A

Hair grows with lots of melanin.

62
Q

What percentage of hairs are usually growing at once?

A

About 85%.

63
Q

Why does the length of anogen phase vary?

A

Due to body area, gender, and hormones.

64
Q

hen are lasers most effective for hair remova

A

During anogen when hair cells divide fast with lots of melanin.

65
Q

What is catagen phase?

A

Hair follicle shrinks, prepares for shedding.

66
Q

How long does catagen phase usually last?

A

About 1-2 weeks.

67
Q

What happens during telogen phase?

A

Old hair falls out, no melanin.

68
Q

How long does telogen phase typically last?

A

Around 3 months.

69
Q

What follows telogen phase

A

Anagen phase begins again, new hair forms.

70
Q

What’s the purpose of the anagen phase?

A

To start the growth cycle anew.

71
Q

What happens to treated hairs after laser hair removal?

A

They shed, pushing out of the skin.

72
Q

How can clients help shed hairs after laser treatment?

A

A: By exfoliating 7 days after treatment.

73
Q

How many treatments does someone need for hair reduction?

A

Depends on body and hair growth; typically 12 treatments.

74
Q

how often should treatments be done?

A

Every 6-8 weeks initially, then spaced out as hair growth slows.

75
Q

When might someone need maintenance treatments?

A

When hair growth significantly slows down; possibly every 3, 6, or 12 months.

76
Q

What’s the outermost layer of skin called?

A

The epidermis.

77
Q

What’s underneath the epidermis?

A

The dermis.

78
Q

What does the dermis do?

A

Gives skin flexibility and strength.

79
Q

What’s the deepest layer of skin called?

A

Subcutaneous tissue or hypodermis.

80
Q

What’s the job of subcutaneous tissue?

A

Keeps the body warm and protects it from injury.

81
Q

What skin type burns easily and never tans?

A

Skin type 1: very fair, always burns, never tans.

82
Q

Which skin type usually burns but may sometimes tan?

A

Skin type 2: fair, usually burns, sometimes tans.

83
Q

What characterizes skin type 3 in terms of burning and tanning?

A

Skin type 3: medium, sometimes burns, usually tans.

84
Q

Describe the burning and tanning tendencies of skin type 4.

A

Skin type 4: olive, rarely burns, always tans.

85
Q

Which skin type never burns and always tans?

A

Skin type 5: never burns, always tans.

86
Q

What is characteristic of skin type 6 in terms of burning and tanning?

A

Skin type 6: never burns, always tans.

87
Q

What is fluence in laser hair removal?

A

fluence determines the energy level per unit area.

88
Q

Define kilojoules in laser hair removal.

A

Kilojoules (kJs) measure the total energy applied to the treatment area

89
Q

What is grid size in laser hair remova

A

Grid size segments the treatment area to deliver the correct energy per area.

90
Q

How much energy is required for a 150 cm^2 treatment area?

A

6 kilojoules are needed to effectively heat follicles to 70 degrees

91
Q

How much energy is needed with a 300 cm grid size?

A

12 kilojoules are required to effectively heat follicles to 70 degrees.

92
Q

Explain pulse duration in laser hair remov

A

Pulse duration is the time laser energy is delivered to the treatment area

93
Q

Define spot size in laser hair removal.

A

Spot size refers to the diameter of the handpiece window, such as 2 cm².

94
Q

What does wavelength determine in laser hair removal?

A

Wavelength affects how deeply the laser penetrates different skin layers.

95
Q

What is skin type in laser hair removal?

A

Skin type classifies human skin color based on various factors.

96
Q

What is vellus hair?

A

less pigmented, thin, fine hair (peach fuzz)

97
Q

What is terminal hair

A

deeply pigmented and rooted, coarse and thick

98
Q

Define anagen phase in the hair growth cycle.

A

Anagen is the active growth phase when hair is connected to the blood supply

99
Q

What is the shedding process in laser hair removal?

A

Shedding is when individual hair strands are released from follicles after treatment.

Laser (2 decks)

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