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laser and light therapy Flashcards

1
Q

what is monochromatic, coherent, and directional?

A

laser

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2
Q

what is polychromatic?

A

LED

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3
Q

what wave type requires clustering to reach an effective state due to its superficial and diffuse light?

A

LED

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4
Q

what is described as coherent?

A

laser

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5
Q

what is described as noncoherent?

A

LED

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6
Q

what two things is light categorized by?

A

frequency and wavelength

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7
Q

what will break molecular bonds?

A

high frequency light

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8
Q

what are the types of low frequency light?

A

UV radiation
infrared radiation (superficial heat)
short/microwave (deep heating)

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9
Q

what are the two types of emissions?

A

gas
photodiode

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10
Q

what are the two types of light sources?

A

glass tubes
diodes

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11
Q

what are the subtypes of diodes?

A

LEDs
SLDs
Lasers

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12
Q

polychromatic and spread out wide

A

LEDs

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13
Q

not truly polychromatic but the light spread less than what an LED wound

A

SLDs

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14
Q

most penetrating light source, monochromatic wave

A

laser

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15
Q

what are the types of thermal lasers and lights?

A

UV, low level pulsed, diathermy

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16
Q

what are the types of nonthermal lasers and light?

A

UV
low level non thermal
diathermy US

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17
Q

what are the phyisological responses of lasers and lights?

A
  1. promote ATP production (by 70%)
  2. modulate inflammation
  3. inhibit bacterial growth
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18
Q

what are the CIs for lasers and light?

A

soft tissue healing
bone healing
RA
lymphedema
neuro
pain management

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19
Q

what are the mW for
- LED
- SLD
- Laser

A
  • 1-5
  • 5-35
  • 5-500
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20
Q

stimulator, acute, superficial

A

low energy density

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21
Q

suppressive, chronic, deep

A

high energy density

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22
Q

what two things is vibration characterized by?

A

frequency and amplitude

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23
Q

what type of vibration is sinusoidal?

A

constant and non random

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24
Q

what are the types of non random vibration?

A

side - side
rotational
vertical

25
what are the parameters for sinusoidal vibration?
20-60 Hz 2-5 amps
26
what are the parameters for stochastic vibration?
1-12 Hz 3-6 amps
27
what type of vibration is stochastic?
random
28
what are the 6 biophysical effects of vibration?
sensory neuromuscular osteogenic cardiovascular hormonal pain threshold
29
what are the sensory responses for: Merkel discs Meissner corpuscles Pacinian corpuscles
5-15 20-50 60-400
30
describe the neuromuscular response to vibration?
vibration elicits a tonic muscle reflex which causes the muscle to relax at the muscle tendon junction via primary 1A afferents in the muscle spindle
31
describe the hormonal response to vibration?
increased GH, NE, testosterone, cortisol (increased weight bearing ability)
32
a mechanical stimulus characterized by oscillatory motion delivered to the entire body; a way to have systemic effects over only local
whole boy vibration
33
what are the biophysical responses to whole body vibration?
sensory function pain relief muscle strength/power flexibility balance mobility bone and cardio health
34
what disease types have been found to benefit from whole body vibration?
LBP OA fibromyalgia chronic Achilles issues general muscle pain
35
what are the parameters for improved muscle strength and power via whole body vibration?
- better in acute - dynamic > static ex. - Higher frequencies (30+) - Higher amplitudes (3+) - Longer durations (10min+) - -Long treatment time frame (12 weeks) treatment: 30Hx, 3 amps, 10 mins, 12 weeks
36
what vibration direction is best for balance and moblity?
side-side (sinusoidal)
37
what population is best suited for WBV?
those limited in higher level activities or are frail (neuro/stroke/ Parkinson's)
38
parameters for WBV for balance:
- side - side vibration - bent knees*** - 20 Hz - 1 amp
39
parameters for WBV for pain:
lower amps
40
parameters for WBV for muscle activation:
higher amps
41
parameters for bone health:
low mag high freq (35) straight knees
42
superficial and diffuse light, low power thus cluster to reach effective state
LEDs
43
less diffuse and of narrow wavelength, higher power, superficial and moderately deep areas depending on wavelength
SLDs
44
single wavelength that is very concentrated, small areas, most light deepest to a focused area of tissue
lasers
45
clinical indications for shockwave therapy:
chronic MSK inflammatory conditions (PF, RC tendonitis), but also chronic wounds, delayed union fractures, calcific tendonitis, bursitis
46
what are the 3 physiological effects of SWT?
- decreased inflammation - decreased pain - stimulation of growth and collagen factors
47
describe shock waves
asymmetrical, high amp, short duration sound waves (10 micro seconds, high compressive phase: 100-1000 bars)
48
focused SWT
Rapid rise and short duration (<10ns) Depth: 2-4 inches Less uncomfortable that rESWT Class II device due to higher energy and has moderate risk
49
radial SWT
Also known as → pressure waves Less expensive and more widely available Slower rise and longer duration (0.2-0.5 ms) Depth: ⅛ to 1 inch Class I
50
what type of shock wave therapy treats - deep tissues: - SF tissues:
deep - focused SF - radial
51
total energy flux: low medium high
low = <0.1 med = 0.1-0.25 high = 0.26-0.60
52
peak pressure, bars
2-4
53
shock frequency
8-15 Hz
54
total shock number/ session
500-2500 / session
55
treatment time for shockwave therapy
few minutes
56
treatment time for US
5-10 mins
57
treatment time for ionto:
45-60 mins
58
what are the biophysical effects of shockwave therapy and clinical implications?
- cavitation - altering cell activities - mechanical stim

physical agents (1 decks)

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