Laser Flashcards
What is the main requirement for receiving LASER?
The hair being treated must be darker then the surrounding skin.
Which hair responds best to LASER treatment?
Coarse and dark hair.
How was it discovered that LASER would remove hair?
People getting birthmarks treated with LASER noticed hair reduction.
Will all people treated have permanent hair removal?
No, some may only see hair reduction.
How’s does LASER work?
Using coloured lights, LASER passes through the skin targeting hemoglobin and red blood cells. LASER energy heats, and destroys (dormant) the cell.
Does the Nd:YAG, alexandrite, and diode laser, all work at the same efficiency?
Nd:YAG isn’t as efficient as the other two. The alexandrite and diode have about the same efficiency.
What kind of laser is the Nd:YAG, alexandrite, and diode?
Long pulsed.
What does LASER stand for?
Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation
What is the objective of LASER?
To achieve critical temperatures in the hair follicle, while not heating up the surrounding skin, causing damage.
LASER devices are coherent, what does this mean?
Multiple wave sources are have a the same constant phase difference, the same frequency, and the same waveform.
LASER devices are monochromatic, what does this mean?
Extremely pure wavelength of a single coloured light.
LASER devices are collimated, what does this mean?
Beams of light are parallel to each other.
What was the first LASER based on?
Pink ruby crystal.
Who created the basic operating principles of LASER?
Charles Townes and Arthur Schalow.
When were the basic operating principals of LASER put forth?
1958
What is light made out of?
Photons.
What is light therapy?
The application of light rays to the skin for the treatment of disorders.
What is a wavelength?
The distance between two successive peaks.
What is the frequency of a long wave length?
Longer wavelengths have a low frequencies.
What is the frequency of a short wavelength?
Shorter wavelengths have higher frequencies.
What is the electromagnetic spectrum?
The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation, their respective wavelengths and photon energies.
Natural sunlight is made up of what three types of electromagnetic energy?
Visible light, invisible ultraviolet light, and invisible infrared light.
Visible light makes up what percentage of natural sunlight?
35%
Invisible light makes up what percentage of natural sunlight?
65%
Are ultraviolet lights and infrared lights visible light?
No, because their wavelengths are beyond visible spectrum of light.
Where are the visible colours of red and violet on the electromagnetic spectrum?
Red has a longer wavelength, meaning a lower frequency. Violet has a shorter wavelength, meaning a higher frequency.
Where does infrared light sit on the electromagnetic spectrum?
Infrared has a low frequency, and sits just under the visible colour of red.
Where does ultraviolet light sit on the electromagnetic spectrum?
Ultraviolet light has a high frequency, and sits just about the visible colour of violet.
What are therapeutic lamps?
Lamps used in the salon to produce artificial light rays.
What are therapeutic lamps capable of creating?
Rays produced by the sun, thermal (heat), mechanical effects, and chemical effects.
What percentage of natural sunlight is made up of ultraviolet rays?
5%
What are the other names for ultraviolet rays?
Cold rays, and actinic rays.
What does the sun do for the skin?
Provides vitamin D.
What can ultraviolet rays be used to treat?
Rickets (soft deformed bones), psoriasis, and acne.
What do ultraviolet rays help in the production of?
Ultraviolet light helps with the production of melanin.
What may a dark tan indicate?
May be a sign of the skin under attack from ultraviolet rays.
At what distance should ultraviolet rays be applied to the skin using a lamp?
30-60 inches.
What can overexposure to ultraviolet rays lead to?
Painful burns and/or blistering, and an increased risk of skin cancer.
What percentage of natural sunlight is made of infrared?
60%
What are five factors you should use when evaluating a LASER?
User interface (user friendly), ergonomics(easy to use during treatment), training (ongoing support), service (repairs and help line), and price point.
Where is the negative association to the word radiation come from?
Radioactive materials and ionizing radiation.
Is the light produced from LASER either radioactive or ionizing?
No, LASER light is composed of photon particles.
What is thermal relaxation time?
The time taken for the target to dissipate a percentage of the initial thermal energy.
What is thermal destruction time?
The time required to thermally destruct the hair shaft, bulge, and surround the stem cells responsible for new hair growth.
What three things are required for optical penetration into the skin?
Absorption, scattering, and spot size.
