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1 STEP Respiratory patho > Larynx/pharynx/vocal pathoma + partial FA 12/07 > Flashcards

Larynx/pharynx/vocal pathoma + partial FA 12/07 Flashcards

1
Q

What part of upper resp. will be affected by alcohol and tabaco? What disease?

A

Larynx –> vocal cords. Laryngeal carcinoma.

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2
Q

What cell carcinoma is laryngeal carcinoma?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma arising from the epithelial lining of the vocal cord.

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3
Q

What part of upper resp. if affected if patient has horseness?

A

Larynx. Appears in Croup, vocal cord nodules, laryngeal papilloma and laryngeal carcinoma.

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4
Q

What disease can result in acute airway obstruction?

A

Acute epiglottitis.

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5
Q

What disease appears with inspiratory stridor?

A

Acute epiglottitis, croup, laryngeal carcinoma.

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6
Q

HPV 6 and 11 cause …………………..

A

Laryngeal papilloma.

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7
Q

Koilocytic change in biopsy is seen in ………………………

A

Laryngeal papilloma.

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8
Q

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in LM appears as ………………… + …………………………….

A

Keratin positive epithelial cells + background of lymphocytes.

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9
Q

Angiofibroma morphology: ……………….. + ……………………..

A

Large blood vessels + fibrous tissue.

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10
Q

What sinuses are tipically affected in rhinosinusitis?

A

Maxillary.

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11
Q

Which sinus drains against gravity?

A

Maxillary.

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12
Q

What drains superior meatus?

A

Sphenoid, posterior ethmoid.

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13
Q

What drains middle meatus?

A

Frontal, maxillary, anterior ethmoid.

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14
Q

What drains inferior meatus?

A

Nasolacrima durct.

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15
Q

Maxillary sinus is drainaged in …………….

A

Middle meatus.

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16
Q

Sphenoid sinus is drainaged in …………….

A

Superior meatus.

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17
Q

Anterior ethmoid sinus is drainaged in …………….

A

Middle meatus.

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18
Q

Frontal sinus is drainaged in ……………

A

Middle meatus.

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19
Q

Posterior ethmoid sinus is drainaged in …………….

A

Superior meatus.

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20
Q

Nasolactrimal duct is drainaged in …………….

A

Inferior meatus.

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21
Q

What is the most common cause of rhinosinusitis?

A

98 proc. viral URI.

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22
Q

Viral URI in rhinosinusitis may lead to ………………

A

superimposed bacterial infection. M/os: Strep. pneumonia, H. influenza, M. catarrhalis.

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23
Q

What sinus infection can cause cavernous sinus syndrome?

A

Sphenoid and ethmoid sinuses may extend to cavernous sinus.

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24
Q

Where most commonly accurs epistaxis? What artery affected?

A

Anterior nostril. Kisselbach plexus.

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25
Q

Where occurs life threatening hemorrhage (epistaxis)? What artery is affected?

A

Posterior segment. Sphenopalatine artery.

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26
Q

Kisselbach drive his Lexus with LEGS. What is mneumonic?

A 
Kisselbach plexus is consisted of:
superior Labial artery;
anterior and posterior Ethmoidal;
Greater palatine artery;
Sphenopalatine artery.
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27
Q

Rhinitis - inflamation of what?

A

nasal mucosa

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28
Q

Rhinitis most common cause?

A

rhinovirus/adenovirus

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29
Q

Rhinitis presentation?

A

sneezing, congestion, runny nose (common cold)

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30
Q

Sneezing, congestion, runny nose (common cold)?

A

Rhinitis

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31
Q

Allergic rhinitis - hypersentisivity?

A

type I

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32
Q

Allergic rhinitis characterized by?

A

inflammation with eosinophils

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33
Q

Inflammation with eosinophils?

A

Allergic rhinitis

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34
Q

Allergic rhinitis assoc with?

A

asthma and eczema

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35
Q

asthma and eczema?

A

Allergic rhinitis

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36
Q

Nasal polyp definition?

A

protrusion of edematous, inflammed nasal mucosa

37
Q

protrusion of edematous, inflammed nasal mucosa?

A

Nasal polyp

38
Q

Nasal polyp causes?

A

Secondary to repeated bouts of rhinitis

39
Q

Secondary to repeated bouts of rhinitis?

A

Nasal polyp

40
Q

Nasal polyp occurs in …… (2)

A

cystic fibrosis and aspirin-intolerant asthma

41
Q

cystic fibrosis assoc with what?

A

Nasal polyp

42
Q

aspirin-intolerant asthma assoc with what?

A

Nasal polyp

43
Q

aspirin-intolerant asthma characterized by the?

A
  1. Triad of asthma
  2. Aspirin induced bronchospasm
  3. Nasal polyp
44
Q
  1. Triad of asthma
  2. Aspirin induced bronchospasm
  3. Nasal polyp?
A

aspirin-intolerant asthma

45
Q

Angiofibroma - origin?

A

Nasal mucosa

46
Q

Angiofibroma classically seen in?

A

adolescent males

47
Q

Angiofibroma clinical presentation?

A

profuse epistaxis

48
Q

profuse epistaxis due to?

A

Angiofibroma

49
Q

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma - origin?

A

nasopharyngeal epithelium

50
Q

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma - what virus?

51
Q

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma seen in what populations?

A

african children and chinese adults

52
Q

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma differentiation?

A

Poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma

53
Q

Poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

54
Q

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma what other clinical presentation?

A

involvement of cervical lymph nodes

55
Q

involvement of cervical lymph nodes?

A

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

56
Q

Nasopharynx pathologies? (4)

A

Rhinitis, nasal polyp, angiofibroma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma

57
Q

Rhinitis, nasal polyp, angiofibroma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma - what group?

A

Nasopharynx pathologies

58
Q

Larynx pathologies? (5)

A

Acutes epiglotitis, laryngotracheobronchitis (croup), vocal cord nodules (singer’s nodules), laryngeal papilloma, laryngeal carcinoma

59
Q

Acutes epiglotitis, laryngotracheobronchitis (croup), vocal cord nodules (singer’s nodules), laryngeal papilloma, laryngeal carcinoma - group of pathologies?

A

Larynx pathologies

60
Q

Acutes epiglotitis - inflamation of what?

A

epiglottis

61
Q

Acutes epiglotitis - cause?

A

H. INFLUENZAE TYPE B, esp. in non-immunized children

62
Q

H. INFLUENZAE TYPE B - cause of what?

A

Acutes epiglotitis

63
Q

Acutes epiglotitis clinical presentation?

A

high fever, sore throat, drooling with dysphagia, muffled (prislopintas) voice, inspiratory stridor

64
Q

high fever, sore throat, drooling with dysphagia, muffled (prislopintas) voice, inspiratory stridor?

A

Acutes epiglotitis

65
Q

laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) - inflammation of what?

A

upper airways

66
Q

laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) - cause?

A

Parainfluenza virus

67
Q

Parainfluenza virus - causes what?

A

laryngotracheobronchitis (croup)

68
Q

laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) - presentation?

A

hoarse, ,,barking” cough, inspiratory stridor

69
Q

hoarse, ,,barking” cough, inspiratory stridor?

A

laryngotracheobronchitis (croup)

70
Q

Vocal cord nodules (singer’s nodules) - location?

A

TRUE vocal cord

71
Q

Vocal cord nodules (singer’s nodules) - causes.

A

excessive use of vocal cords. BILATERAL

72
Q

Vocal cord nodules (singer’s nodules) - histology?

A

Degenerative (myxoid) connective tissue

73
Q

Vocal cord nodules (singer’s nodules) - presentation ant treatment?

A

Hoarseness;
resolve with resting of voice

74
Q

Hoarseness;
resolve with resting of voice?

A

Vocal cord nodules (singer’s nodules)

75
Q

Degenerative (myxoid) connective tissue

A

Vocal cord nodules (singer’s nodules)

76
Q

Laryngeal papilloma - definition?

A

Bening tumor of the vocal cords

77
Q

Bening tumor of the vocal cords?

A

Laryngeal papilloma

78
Q

Laryngeal papilloma - causes?

A

HPV 6 and 11–> koilocytic changes in microscopy

79
Q

Laryngeal papilloma - number in adults and childrens?

A

Adults - single
Children - multiple

80
Q

Laryngeal papilloma - presentation?

A

hoarseness

81
Q

HPV 6 and 11–> koilocytic changes in microscopy?

A

Laryngeal papilloma

82
Q

Laryngeal carcinoma - origin and location?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma arising from epithelium lining the vocal cords

83
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma arising from epithelium lining the vocal cords?

A

Laryngeal carcinoma

84
Q

Laryngeal carcinoma - risk factors?

A

Alcohol and tabaco

85
Q

Laryngeal carcinoma can arise from?

A

Laryngeal papilloma

86
Q

Laryngeal papilloma may progress to?

A

Laryngeal carcinoma

87
Q

Laryngeal carcinoma - presentation?

A

Hoarsenes, cough, stridor

88
Q

Hoarsenes, cough, stridor?

A

Laryngeal carcinoma

1 STEP Respiratory patho (4 decks)

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