Larynx

Question 1

Name the action of the cricothyroid muscles

Answer 1

Lengthens (increases tension) of the vocal ligaments –> raised pitch

Question 2

Name the action of the posterior crico-arytenoid muscles

Answer 2

Abduction of the vocal ligaments –> opens the rima glottidis

Question 3

Name the action of the lateral crico-arytenoid muscles

Answer 3

Adduction of the vocal ligaments –> closes the rima glottidis

Question 4

Name the action of the transverse & obique arytenoid muscles

Answer 4

Adduction of the vocal ligaments –> closes the rima glottidis

Question 5

Name the action of the thyro-arytenoid muscles

Answer 5

Shortening (relaxation) of the vocal ligaments –> lowers pitch

Question 6

Damage to the external laryngeal nerve causes what?

Answer 6

Mild hoarseness and loss of ability to make high pitches

Question 7

Unilateral and bilateral damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve causes what?

Answer 7

Unilateral: Paralysis of the vocal cords stuck in mid-abduction position and does not move with inspiration and phonation. Voice is breathy, weak and easily fatigued
Bilateral: requires tracheostomy

Question 8

What does the recurrent laryngeal nerve supply to the larynx?

Answer 8

Sensory to the infraglottic compartment

Motor to all the muscles of the larynx EXCEPT the cricothyroid muscle

Question 9

What nerve innervates the cricothyroid muscle?

Answer 9

External laryngeal nerve

Question 10

What two things go through the thryrohyoid membrane foramen?

Answer 10

Internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (internal laryngeal nerve) and the superior laryngeal artery

Question 11

The internal laryngeal nerve innervates what and provides what?

Answer 11

Innervates the laryngeal inlet and supraglottic compartment

Provides sensory only