Laryngeal Cancer

Question 1

Symptoms of laryngeal cancer

Answer 1

Hoarseness
Pain on swallowing
Stridor
Lump on neck

Question 2

Causes of laryngeal cancer

Answer 2

Smoking
Age
Alcohol

Question 3

Describe the tumour staging

Answer 3

T1a- limited to one vocal fold
B- both vocal fold
T2- extends to supraglottis and or subglottis
T3 - tumour limited to larynx with vocal fold fixation
T4- tumour invades through thyroid cartilage and or extends to other tissues beyond the larynx

Question 4

Describe the staging of the neck

Answer 4

N0- no lymph node metastasis
N1- metastasis in single lymph node _<3cm
N2a- metastasis In single lymph node _<6cm
B- In multiple lymph nodes _<6cm
C- bilateral or contralateral lymph node _<6cm
N4- more than 6cm

Question 5

Describe metastasis staging

Answer 5

M0- no distant metastasis

M1- metastasis present

Question 6

Complete stages of laryngeal cancer

Answer 6

1- T1,N0,M0
2- T2,N0,M0
3- T3, N0, M0
Or T1/T2/T3, N1,M0
4- Any T, N2/N3,M0
T4,N0/N1, M0
Any T, Any N, M1

Question 7

Link the stages of the cancer to the treatment

Answer 7

Stage 1&2- surgery or radiotherapy
Stage 3 - chemotherapy or radiotherapy
Stage 4- surgery and radiation/ chemotherapy