Large Vessels Flashcards
What are the branches of the subclavian artery? From proximal to distal?
- Vertebral artery
- Internal thoracic artery
- Thyocervical trunk gives rise to the ff: Transverse cervical artery, suprascapular artery, Inferior thyroid artery (gives rise to Ascending cervical artery), costocervical trunk (gives rise to deep cervical and superior intercosta arteries)
What are the branches of the thyocervical trunk of the Subclavian artery?
Thyocervical trunk gives rise to the ff: Transverse cervical artery, Ascending cervical artery, Inferior thyroid artery
What is the most common congenital arch anomaly?
Left arch with an aberrant right subclavian artery
(ARSCA). 0.4-2% of all cases
What is an aberrant right subclavian artery?
The ARSCA arises as the LAST arch branch and
crosses the mediastinum from left to right behind the
esophagus
What does a right sided aortic arch mean? What is the most common form?
Mirror image of normal aortic arch. Descends down the right side instead of the left. RAA
with aberrant left subclavian artery (ALSCA). Order of appearance of vessels on angio: left CCA, right CCA, right SCA, left SCA
Where does the ascending cervical artery originate from?
Inferior thyroid artery which in turn comes from the thyocervical trunk of the subclavian artery
Why is there blush on selective subclavian artery injection?
because of the thyroid supplied by the inferior thyroid artery («_space;thyocervical trunk «_space;subclavian artery)
At what cervical level does the vertebral artery enter the foramen transversarium as it ascends from the subclavian artery?
C6.
What are the primitive structures that eventually for the vertebral arteries?
The seven cervical intersegmental arteries form the vertebral artery while the two longitudinal neural arteries (precursor: dorsal plexi) form the basilar artery
Name the connections of the longitudinal neural arteries and the internal carotid arteries.
From most anterior to most posterior. Trigeminal Otic Hypoglossal Proatlantal
The C7 intersegmental arteries form the?
Subclavian arteries
What forms the common carotid arteries and internal carotid arteries?
CCA: 3rd aortic arch
ICA: Proximal from 3rd aortic arch– Distal from Dorsal aorta
What are the primitive structures that form the aorta starting from the ascending to the descending part?
Ascending: Truncus arteriosus
Ascending and part of arch: Ventral aorta
Arch: 4th aortic arch
Descending: Dorsal aorta
The ventral aorta is also known as?
The aortic sac
Which aortic arch never really develops or forms?
Fifth aortic arch
When do the 6th arches form?
29th day
The 2nd arches turn into?
The Hyoid and Stapedial arteries
The 6th aortic arch forms which primitive artery? What does this primitive artery form?
Ductus arteriosus which then becomes the pulmonary arteries
Besides the common carotid and the proximal carotid artery what else forms from the 3rd aortic arch?
ECA via a de novo sprout
What are the precursors of the brachiocephalic artery?
The 3rd and 4th aortic arches
Describe the aortic isthmus?
What is found after the isthmus?
A narrowing of the aorta between the left subclavian artery and site of the ductus arteriosus. A feature of the fetal aortal that my persist into adulthood.
Aortic spindle– enlargement
At what vertebral level does the thoracic aorta begin?
4th
At what week does the aorta and great vessel approach their definitive configurations?
Week 8
Besides the distal ICAs the dorsal aortae also become?
Right Dorsal aorta: subclavian artery
Left Dorsal aorta: descending aorta
What structures lie anterior and posterior to the aortic arch?
Anterior
The left vagus nerve (cranial nerve X [eN X]) and cervical
sympathetic branches lie in front of the aortic arch.
Posterior
The trachea, left recurrent laryngeal nerve, esophagus,
thoracic duct, and vertebral column lie behind the arch.
What is the most common variant of the aortic arch found in 25-30% of patients?
The innominate/brachiocephalic artery sharing the same origin with the left common carotid artery on the arch. Followed by the LCCA coming from the brachiocephalic artery.
