Large Intestine

Question 1

it is a radiographic examination of the large colon using negative and positive contrast media.

Answer 1

Barium Enema or Large Bowel Series

Question 2

Projections for Barium Enema

Answer 2

PA
PA Axial
RAO
LAO
Right & Left Lateral
AP
AP Axial
RPO
LPO
R & L Lateral Decubitus

Question 3

it extends from ILEUM to ANUS and is attached to the posterior abdominal wall by its mesocolon

Answer 3

Large Intestine

Question 4

it is a double layer of periosteum

Answer 4

mesocolon

Question 5

What are the four major regions of the large intestine?

Answer 5

cecum
colon
rectum
anal canal

Question 6

The opening from the ileum into the large intestine is guarded by a fold of mucus membrane called __________ wc allows material from the small intestine to pass into the large intestine.

Answer 6

ileocecal sphincter (valve)

Question 7

Hanging inferior to the ileocecal valve is the ________, a SMALL POUCH about 6 mm long

Answer 7

cecum

Question 8

Attached to the cecum is a TWISTED, COILED TUBE, measuring about 8 cm in length, called

Answer 8

appendix or vermiform appendix

Question 9

The mesentery of the appendix called the ________, attaches the appendix to the inferior part of the mesentery of the ileum.

Answer 9

mesoappendix

Question 10

The opening of the cecum merges with a long tube called a ________, wc is divided into ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid portions.

Answer 10

colon

Question 11

Both the ascending and descending colon are __________, the transverse and sigmoid colon are not.

Answer 11

retroperitoneal

Question 12

the last 20 cm (8 inches) of the GI tract, lies anterior to the sacrum and coccyx.

Answer 12

Rectum

Question 13

the terminal of the rectum is called ____

Answer 13

anal canal

Question 14

the mucous membrane of the anal canal is arranged in longitudinal folds called

Answer 14

anus

Question 15

is an inflammatory condition of the large intestine that may be caused by many factors, including bacterial infection

Answer 15

colitis

Question 16

described as a severe form of colitis that is most common among young adults. It is the most common forms of inflammatory bowel disease

Answer 16

ulcerative colitis

Question 17

is an outpouching of the mucosal wall that may result from herniation of the inner wall of the colon.

Answer 17

diverticulum

Question 18

common in the large intestine. Most carcinomas of the large intestine occur in the RECTUM and SIGMOID COLON.

Answer 18

Neoplasms

Question 19

one of the most typical forms of colon cancer, may form an “apple-core”, or “napkin-ring” appearance as the tumor grows and infiltrates the bowel walls. Frequently results in large bowel obstruction.

Answer 19

Annular Carcinoma (adenocarcinoma)

Question 20

are saclike projections similar to diverticula except that they project inward into the lumen rather than outward

Answer 20

polyps

Question 21

Modalities used to demonstrate neoplasms in the large intestine

Answer 21

Barium Enema
Endoscopy
CT Colonography

Question 22

is a twisting of a portion of the intestine on its own mesentery, leading to a mechanical type of obstruction.

Answer 22

volvulus

Question 23

volvulus describes the ascending colon and the cecum as
having a long mesentery, which makes them more susceptible to a
volvulus.

Answer 23

cecal

Question 24

is a telescoping or invagination of one part of the
intestine into another. It is most common in infants younger than 2
years of age but can occur in adults.

Answer 24

intussusception

Question 25

the barium enema generally is not performed in cases of acute appendicitis because of the DANGER OF PERFORATION

laxatives: castor oil

Answer 25

Appendicitis