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physics > large data set > Flashcards

large data set Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the 5 uk locations

A

leuchars - Scottish cost

leeming - North Yorkshire

heathrow - Greater London

hurn - south west

Camborne - cornwall

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2
Q

what are the 3 international locations

A

beijing Perth Jacksonville

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3
Q

what time periods is the large data set measured

A

may to October 1987

may to October 2015

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4
Q

what are the large data set variables

A

daily mean air temp

daily total rainfall

daily total sunshine

daily maximum relative humidity

daily mean windspeed and direction

daily maximum gust and direction

cloud cover

daily mean visibility

daily mean pressure

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5
Q

daily mean air temp

A

celcius, between 9am and 9pm

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6
Q

daily total rainfall

A

mm, for the 24 hours starting 9am, tr is less than 0.05mm

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7
Q

daily total sunshine

A

hours

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8
Q

daily maximum relative humidity

A

%, above 95% is mist/fog

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9
Q

daily mean windspeed and direction

A

knots, described using Beaufort conversion (calm, light etc) , direction is given as cardinal (north south east west)

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10
Q

daily maximum gust and direction

A

maximum instantaneous speed over 24hrs

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11
Q

cloud cover

A

okras ( 1/8’s of sky covered)

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12
Q

daily mean visibility

A

decametres horizontally

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13
Q

daily mean pressure

A

hectopascals

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14
Q

what is unknown for first half of may in 1987 for uk cities

A

daily total sunshine, mean windspeed and max gust

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15
Q

what do the international cities contain data for

A

mean temp, rainfall, pressure, windspeed

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16
Q

what are near a coast

A

Jacksonville, Perth, cambrone, hurn, leuchars

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17
Q

what is in south hemisphere

A

Perth

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18
Q

what variable is discrete

A

cloud cover

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19
Q

what should you replace tr with

A

0 or 0.025

20
Q

what happened 15-16 October 1987

A

great storm

high wind speeds

south England affected

can skew wind/gust/rainfall

21
Q

how many days does lds cover

A

184

22
Q

what is a census

A

collects data about all members of a population

23
Q

advantage of census

A

fully accurate results

24
Q

disadvantage of census

A

time consuming, expensive

25
Q

what is sampling

A

collecting data from a subset of the population

26
Q

what is simple random sampling

A

every group within population has an equal probability of being selected for the sample

uniquely number every member and randomly select numbers using a random number generator

27
Q

what is systematic sampling

A

choose members of a population at regular intervals using a list

choose every kth member where k= (size of population)/(size of sample)

28
Q

what is stratified sampling

A

population divided into groups and random sample from each group

% taken from each group reflects that groups prevalence in population

29
Q

what is quota sampling

A

population split into groups and members of population chosen until quota selected (not random)

30
Q

what is opportunity sampling

A

sample formed using available members at time of study who fit criteria

31
Q

pros of systematic sampling

A

simple, quick, suitable for large samples/populations

32
Q

disadvantages for systematic sampling

A

sampling frame needed, bias introduced if frame not random

33
Q

pros for stratified sampling

A

accurately reflects population structure

34
Q

disadvantages for stratified sampling

A

population must be clearly classified into groups (strata), same as simple random within group

35
Q

pros of simple random sampling

A

free of bias, cheap

36
Q

disadvantages of simple random sampling

A

not suitable for large samples, sampling frame needed

37
Q

pros of quota sampling

A

allows small sample to represent population, np sampling frame, easy, quick, cheap

38
Q

disadvantages of quota sampling

A

non random so can introduce bias, population must be divided into groups, non responses not recorded

39
Q

pros of convenience sampling

A

easy, inexpensive

40
Q

is the binomial distribution continuous or discrete

A

discrete

41
Q

is the normal distribution continuous or discrete

A

continuous

42
Q

convert p(x=a) in discrete distribution to continuous

A

p( a-0.5 < X < a + 0.5)

43
Q

convert P(x<a) in a discrete distribution to continuous

A

P(X< a - 0.5)

44
Q

convert P(X>a) in discrete to continuous

A

P(X>a+0.5)

45
Q

convert P( X <= a) in discrete to continuous

A

p( X <= a + 0.5)

46
Q

covert p(x>= a) in discrete to continuous

A

p(x>= a - 0.5)

47
Q

if X is coded with y = ax + B, what is the mean, SD

A

( mean of y) - B all divided by a MEAN

SD sd y divided by a

physics (4 decks)

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